Five years of London’s low emission zone: Effects on vehicle fleet composition and air quality

Tool for assessing health and equity impacts of interventions modifying air quality in urban environments

“…Previous work has conducted evaluation related to both LEZ and BIXI. For example, about the London LEZ, some studies assessed its effects on air pollution reduction (Ellison, Greaves, & Hensher, 2013) and some studies about health effects are expected (Kelly et al, 2011). Evaluation studies related to the health effects of LEZ around the world are greatly growing in recent years (Morfeld, Groneberg, & Spallek, 2014) and our work is timely to conceptually help further empirical evaluation studies and intervention improvements as well.…”

Can low emission zones be managed more dynamically and effectively?

“…But as Euro V HDVs have equally high levels of NO x and NO 2 in real urban traffic as other HDVs, effective emission reduction will not occur until the current fleet is replaced by Euro VI vehicles. Evidence from London's low emission zone supports this view (Ellison, Greaves, & Hensher, 2013). The main responses of owners and operators have been a switch to newer vehicles, a change in the class of vehicles used and repositioning of vehicles to avoid using non-compliant vehicles in the LEZ.…”

Considérations, dans les politiques publiques, de l’équité et des inégalités sociales de santé en lien avec l’exposition à la pollution atmosphérique

“…Ici, cela pourra faire référence notamment à l'interdiction ou la limitation de circulation sur certains territoires de la ville, comme la mise en place d'une zone de circulation restreinte, par exemple (Jones, Harrison et al, 2012 ;Ellison, Greaves et al, 2013 ;Panteliadis, Strak et al, 2014). Ici, il est nécessaire d'introduire un niveau supplémentaire de complexité, dans la mesure où une restriction de circulation dans un territoire donné pourra conduire à un déplacement de la circulation sur d'autres territoires, tel un processus de compensation.…”