Flagellin gene sequence evolution in Salmonella

Mortimer, Chloe K.B.; Gharbia, Saheer E.; Logan, J. M. J.; Peters, Tansy; Arnold, Catherine

doi:10.1016/j.meegid.2006.12.001

Cited by 12 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 18 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…The third subset of six serovars was used solely to analyze the detection of additional O serogroups in the SGSA. Flagellar antigens were not tested for the third subset of serovars, as flagellum-specific array probes were designed using only subspecies I Salmonella sequence data and the probe set does not represent subspecies sequence variability (47). The remaining 76 serovars were analyzed based on their full antigenic formulas.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Rapid Genoserotyping Tool for Classification of Salmonella Serovars

et al. 2011

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

We have developed a Salmonella genoserotyping array (SGSA) which rapidly generates an antigenic formula consistent with the White-Kauffmann-Le Minor scheme, currently the gold standard for Salmonella serotyping. A set of 287 strains representative of 133 Salmonella serovars was assembled to validate the array and to test the array probes for accuracy, specificity, and reproducibility. Initially, 76 known serovars were utilized to validate the specificity and repeatability of the array probes and their expected probe patterns. The SGSA generated the correct serovar designations for 100% of the known subspecies I serovars tested in the validation panel and an antigenic formula consistent with that of the White-Kauffmann-Le Minor scheme for 97% of all known serovars tested. Once validated, the SGSA was assessed against a blind panel of 100 Salmonella enterica subsp. I samples serotyped using traditional methods. In summary, the SGSA correctly identified all of the blind samples as representing Salmonella and successfully identified 92% of the antigens found within the unknown samples. Antigen-and serovar-specific probes, in combination with a pepT PCR for confirmation of S. enterica subsp. Enteritidis determinations, generated an antigenic formula and/or a serovar designation consistent with the White-Kauffmann-Le Minor scheme for 87% of unknown samples tested with the SGSA. Future experiments are planned to test the specificity of the array probes with other Salmonella serovars to demonstrate the versatility and utility of this array as a public health tool in the identification of Salmonella.

show abstract

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In recent years, molecular typing assays have been developed based upon multiplex real-time PCR (31,49), primer extension (5), microarrays (61,66,69), DNA sequencebased approaches (47), and bead-based suspension arrays (16,41). To date, many of the molecular techniques have been able to type only a very small subset of the thousands of Salmonella serovars.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Rapid Genoserotyping Tool for Classification of Salmonella Serovars

et al. 2011

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…8 Flagellin contains two highly conserved N/C domains (D0 and D1) and one central hypervariable domain (D2/D3). [9][10][11] The hypervariable domain is vastly diverse in size and amino-acid composition among bacterial strains and species. 4 The conserved D0 and D1 domains are required for the immune activity of flagellin as a pathogen-associated molecular pattern.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Over-activation of TLR5 signaling by high-dose flagellin induces liver injury in mice

et al. 2014

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Flagellin is a potent activator of a broad range of cell types that are involved in innate and adaptive immunity. Therefore, it is a good adjuvant candidate for vaccines, and it might function as a biological protectant against both major acute radiation syndrome during cancer radiotherapy and a mitigator of radiation emergencies. However, accumulating evidence has implicated flagellin in the occurrence of some inflammatory diseases, such as acute lung inflammation, cardiovascular collapse and inflammatory bowel disease. The aim of this study was to elucidate whether only flagellin-TLR5 signaling activation plays a role in the pathophysiology of liver or whether some other flagellin activity also contributes to liver injury either via bacterial infections or during clinical applications. Recombinant flagellin proteins with or without TLR5-stimulating activity were used to evaluate the role of flagellin-TLR5 signaling in liver injury in wild-type and TLR5 KO mice. Gross lesions and large areas of hepatocellular necrosis were observed in liver tissue 12 h after the intraperitoneal administration of 100 or 200 mg flagellin (FliC) in a dose-and time-dependent manner in wild-type mice, but not in TLR5 KO mice. Deletion of the N-terminal or TLR5 binding domain of flagellin inhibited flagellin-induced inflammatory responses and the subsequent acute liver function abnormality and damage. These data confirmed that flagellin is an essential determinant of liver injury and demonstrated that the over-activation of TLR5 signaling by high-dose flagellin caused acute inflammatory responses, neutrophil accumulation and oxidative stress in the liver, which contributes to the progression and severity of flagellin-induced liver injury.

show abstract

“…2,3 Flagellin consists of two highly conserved domains (D0 and D1) and one central hypervariable domain (D2/D3). [4][5][6] The conserved D0 and D1 domains are required for the immune activity of flagellin as a PAMP. The Nterminal amino acids 90-97 (QRVRELAV) of D1 form a highly conserved motif that is essential for both high-affinity binding and signaling to TLR5.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Activation of NLRC4 downregulates TLR5-mediated antibody immune responses against flagellin

Li¹,

Yang²,

Zhang³

et al. 2015

Cell Mol Immunol

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Bacterial flagellin is a unique pathogen-associated molecular pattern (PAMP), which can be recognized by surface localized Toll-like receptor 5 (TLR5) and the cytosolic NOD-like receptor (NLR) protein 4 (NLRC4) receptors. Activation of the TLR5 and/or NLRC4 signaling pathways by flagellin and the resulting immune responses play important roles in anti-bacterial immunity. However, it remains unclear how the dual activities of flagellin that activate the TLR5 and/or NLRC4 signaling pathways orchestrate the immune responses. In this study, we assessed the effects of flagellin and its mutants lacking the ability to activate TLR5 and NLRC4 alone or in combination on the adaptive immune responses against flagellin. Flagellin that was unable to activate NLRC4 induced a significantly higher antibody response than did wild-type flagellin. The increased antibody response could be eliminated when macrophages were depleted in vivo. The activation of NLRC4 by flagellin downregulated the flagellin-induced and TLR5-mediated immune responses against flagellin. Cellular & Molecular ImmunologyKeywords: flagellin; NLRC4; TLR5; macrophage; adaptive immunity INTRODUCTION Bacterial flagellin is one of a small number of protein pathogenassociated molecular patterns (PAMPs), which can be recognized by cell surface Toll-like receptor 5 (TLR5) 1 and the cytosolic NOD-like receptor protein 4 (NLRC4) inflammasome receptor NAIP5. 2,3 Flagellin consists of two highly conserved domains (D0 and D1) and one central hypervariable domain (D2/D3). [4][5][6] The conserved D0 and D1 domains are required for the immune activity of flagellin as a PAMP. The Nterminal amino acids 90-97 (QRVRELAV) of D1 form a highly conserved motif that is essential for both high-affinity binding and signaling to TLR5. 7,8 The C-terminal 35 amino acids of flagellin in the D0 domain are responsible for the interaction between flagellin and NLRC4. The substitution of three conserved leucine residues L502, L504, and L505 for alanine in the 35 C-terminal amino acids could abolish the ability of flagellin to activate NLRC4. 9 Flagellin-mediated activation of TLR5 activates inflammatory genes via the MyD88 pathway, whereas flagellin-activated NLRC4 triggers the assembly of the inflammasome, which culminates in caspase-1 activation, IL-1b/IL-18 secretion, and cellular pyroptosis. 10,11

show abstract

Flagellin gene sequence evolution in Salmonella

Cited by 12 publications

References 18 publications

Rapid Genoserotyping Tool for Classification of Salmonella Serovars

Rapid Genoserotyping Tool for Classification of Salmonella Serovars

Over-activation of TLR5 signaling by high-dose flagellin induces liver injury in mice

Activation of NLRC4 downregulates TLR5-mediated antibody immune responses against flagellin

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About