Flame-Retardant Performance of Epoxy Resin Composites with SiO₂ Nanoparticles and Phenethyl-Bridged DOPO Derivative

Abstract

Flame retardancy of epoxy resin (EP) plays a vital role in its applications. When inorganic nanomaterials form inorganic/organic nanocomposites, they exhibit special flame-retardant effects. In this study, EP nanocomposites were prepared by the incorporation of SiO2 nanoparticles and phenethyl-bridged 9,10-dihydro-9-oxa-10-phosphaphenanthrene-10-oxide (DOPO) derivative (DiDOPO), and the synergistic effects of SiO2 nanoparticles and DiDOPO on the flame-retardant performance of EP were discussed. Results indicated that the introduction of only 15 wt % SiO2 and 5 wt % DiDOPO in EP leads to the increase in the limiting oxygen index from 21.8 to 30.2%, and the nanocomposites achieve the UL-94 V-0 rating. Thermogravimetric analysis revealed that char yield increases with the increase in the SiO2 content of the nanocomposites and that an increased amount of thermally stable carbonaceous char is formed. SiO2 nanoparticles can improve the thermal stability and mechanical performance of EP; hence, the nanoparticles can serve as an efficient adjuvant for the DiDOPO/EP flame-retardant system.

Effect of Different Pre-Treatment on the Microstructure and Intumescent Properties of Rice Husk Ash-Based Geopolymer Hybrid Coating

“…Meanwhile, for sample S3, it was observed that the char layer was more compact and smoother. It could be seen that SiO 2 efficiently improved the strength and compactness of the char layer, as studied by Wang et al (2020) [ 41 ]. This finding supported the result from the fire resistance of the previous section, which is the reason for a hairline crack formation that occurred on the S1 sample surface.…”

“…S1 coating was unable to withstand the rapid temperature increase in the fire resistance test and experienced significant mass transfer out from the char, which increased the heat, and transferred it into the metal surface. According to Wang et al (2020) [ 41 ], the increased amount of SiO 2 content produced a denser and a lesser pore residual char which enhanced the strength of the char layer once exposed to heat. Thus, this condition resulted in a more compact and harder char layer.…”

Production of different metal oxide nanoparticle embedded polymer matrix composite structures by the additive manufacturing technology and investigation of their properties

“…Similar trends were observed in the literature which used epoxy resin as in the current study. [ 72 ] This change can be accredited to poor dispersion and cluster behavior of the metal oxide structures in the polymer matrix. [ 70 ] A strong interface formation may be explored with the existence of flat dense polymer chains on the nanoparticle surface.…”

Synthesis, Structures, and Properties of a New Pentaerythritol-Derived Flame Retardant Used in Polyamide 66

“…Furthermore, the FR performance is quantitatively evaluated according to eq 2 . 38 where FRI is the “flame retardancy index”. As shown in Table 2 , the PHRR, THR, and TTI values were obtained by CCT.…”

“…Furthermore, the FR performance is quantitatively evaluated according to eq where FRI is the “flame retardancy index”.…”