Flame Retardants for Cotton Using APO and APS-THPC Resins

Abstract

A new group of polymers made by reacting tris(1-aziridinyl)phosphine oxide, referred to as APO, or tris(1-aziridinyl)phosphine sulfide, referred to as APS, with tetrakis-(hydroxymethyl)phosphonium chloride, referred to as THPC, are good permanent-type flame retardants for cotton. All three of the compounds are water-soluble crystalline materials. The application of APO-or APS-THPC resins to textiles consists of padding fabric in an aqueous solution of the compounds, drying the fabric, curing it at about 140° C. for about 5 min. to polymerize the compounds, and then rinsing the fabric to remove any unpolymerized material.About 8% of the resins in 8-oz. cotton twill or sateen is adequate to make the fabric pass the vertical flame test before or after 15 launderings with synthetic detergents, followed by an acid fluoride sour after each laundering. The flame resistance is also very durable to boiling alkaline soap solutions.The properties of fabric treated with these new polymers are, in general, excellent. The hand and strength of the fabric is only slightly different from that of untreated fabric. The flame-resistant fabrics are resistant to rot and mildew.SEVERAI. permanent-type flame retardants for cotton have been developed at the Southern Regional Research Laboratory [2, 4, 5, 6, 8, 10 ~ . Although it is helieved that all of these represented improvements over those currently available for commercial use, none of our flame retardants are completely satisfactory. Because of the importance of this prol)-lem from a military and civilian point of view, our studies on name-retardant finishes for cotton are being continued.One of the flame retardants reported recently is based upon a TH PC resin {8}. It is formed by the copolymerization of tetrakis ( hydrox )'111ethyl ) pho~-phonium chloride, THPC, with a methylolmelamine and urea. It has received attention from a number r of textile finishers and is now being used for fini,hing both cotton and viscose rayon. Finishing fabrics with the TH PC resin is reasonally simpte: it con sists in padding fabric through an aqueous solution of the monomers, then drying and curing to potymerize the name retardant inside the cotton fiber. Two flame retardants which contain bromine have been reported by members of Southern Regional Research Laboratory. These are formed by making a telomer of triany!phosphate and bromoform in onecase [4 and a tetomer of a!ty!phosphonitritate and bromoform in the other case {5). The polymers are prepared in aqueous emulsion. They are applied to fabric in essentially the same manner as TIII'C resins.Two additional name retardants were reported that are for111ed ty combining about one part of either of the aqueous emulsions of the telun~ers with about three parts of TI [PC resin-forming monomers fi, 10 J . The resulting emutsions are also applied to fabric by the same technique used to ahply the 'I' E 1 I'C resin.The purpose of the present paper is to present our most recent and interesting flante retardants which are based upon resins made by react...

Self-curing behaviors of single pack aqueous-based polyurethane system

“…However, it remains staPyrene and DMPA were supplied by Aldrich ble in an alkaline solution system. The aziridinyl Chemical Co. Inc. Acetone, methanol, and other compounds have been used for several reported solvents were dried and distilled over anhydrous applications in coatings, 2 textiles, 6 and medicalcium chloride before use. Mono-, di-, and tricines 8 during the past years because of the unique aziridinyl compounds ( MA-AZ; HDDA-AZ-0, properties of their aziridinyl functional groups.…”

“…thermogravimetric analyzer with a heating rate Aziridines could undergo a cation initiated hoof 20ЊC/min from ambient temperature to 500ЊC mopolymerization reaction 7 or an addition reacunder an argon gas atmosphere. tion with carboxylic acid 2 or a hydroxyl group 6 under an acidic condition. Di-and triaziridinyl compounds, series TMPTA-AZ and HDDA-AZ,…”

The Effect of Hypochlorite Bleach on Flame-Retardant Finishes Based upon THPC

“…[7] where a hypochtorite bteach was not used. Oxidation of the retardant I>efore laundering with hypochtorite did not affect the breaking strength of the fahric.…”

A Flame-Retardant Finish Based upon Tris(hydroxymethyl)phosphine

“…One of the most widely used phosphorus compounds for imparting durable flame resistance to cellulose textiles is tetrakis (hydroxymethyl) phosphonium chloride (HOCH2)4 PCI (THPC) [4,[7][8][9][10][11]14]. Cotton and other cellulosic fibers have been made flame resistant by treatment with a solution composed of THPC, urea, and trimethylolmelamine.…”