Flank facilitation and contour integration: Different sites

Huang, Pi-Chun; Hess, Robert F.; Dakin, Steven C.

doi:10.1016/j.visres.2006.04.025

Cited by 50 publications

(52 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…If this is so, collinear facilitation may be limited to a subpopulation of cells that receive geniculate input in layer 4c beta of the striate cortex. Recent psychophysics also supports a very early, monocular cortical origin (Huang, Hess, & Dakin, 2006).…”

Section: The Processing Of Achromatic and Chromatic Spatial Informationmentioning

confidence: 89%

Collinear facilitation in color vision

Huang¹,

Mullen²,

Hess³

2007

Journal of Vision

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The detection of a luminance-defined Gabor is improved by two high contrast, aligned, flanking Gabors, an effect termed collinear facilitation. We investigate whether this facilitation also occurs for isoluminant chromatic stimuli, and whether it can occur for chromatic targets with luminance flanks and vice versa. We measured collinear facilitation for Gabor stimuli (0.75 cpd, 1 octave bandwidth) of three different contrast types: achromatic, red-green that isolates the L/M-cone opponent mechanism, and blue-yellow that isolates the S-cone opponent mechanism. Three conditions were investigated: (1) target and flanks all of the same contrast type and spatial phase; (2) target and flanks of the same contrast type but opposite phases (0 degrees and 180 degrees ); and (3) target and flanks of different contrast types (chromatic with achromatic contrast) and two opposite phase combinations. We find that a similar degree of collinear facilitation occurs for the isoluminant chromatic stimuli as for the achromatic stimuli, and all exhibit phase dependency. Facilitation did not occur, however, between chromatic and achromatic target and flanking stimuli. This suggests that at the level of collinear facilitation, the chromatic and the achromatic postreceptoral mechanisms have their own spatial interactions that are segregated from one another.

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Section: The Processing Of Achromatic and Chromatic Spatial Informationmentioning

confidence: 89%

Collinear facilitation in color vision

Huang¹,

Mullen²,

Hess³

2007

Journal of Vision

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“…Much has now been learned about facilitation by flankers, including evidence that it involves amplifying modulation (Chen and Tyler, 2008;Huang, Hess and Dakin, 2006;Maehara, Huang and Hess, 2010), can be cancelled by non-collinear flanks (Solomon and Morgan, 2000); depends upon input from other parts of the adjacent surround (Mareschal and Clifford, 2013), and is itself modulated by attention (Ramalingam et al, 2013). Psychophysical studies show that detection is improved when the flankers precede the target, or are presented simultaneously with it, but not when the target precedes the flankers (Polat and Sagi, 2006).…”

Section: Contextual Disambiguation In Perceptionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Rigorous psychophysical comparisons between contour integration and flanker facilitation, a paradigmatic case of amplification, shows that they have similar but distinct mechanisms (Huang, Hess, and Dakin, 2006). Most of the evidence concerning those mechanisms comes from studies of non-human animals, however.…”

Section: Gestalt Groupingmentioning

confidence: 99%

On the functions, mechanisms, and malfunctions of intracortical contextual modulation

Phillips

Clark

Silverstein

2015

Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews

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A broad neuron-centric conception of contextual modulation is reviewed and re-assessed in the light of recent neurobiological studies of amplification, suppression, and synchronization. Behavioural and computational studies of perceptual and higher cognitive functions that depend on these processes are outlined, and evidence that those functions and their neuronal mechanisms are impaired in schizophrenia is summarized. Finally, we compare and assess the long-term biological functions of contextual modulation at the level of computational theory as formalized by the theories of coherent infomax and free energy reduction. We conclude that those theories, together with the many empirical findings reviewed, show how contextual modulation at the neuronal level enables the cortex to flexibly adapt the use of its knowledge to current circumstances by amplifying and grouping relevant activities and by suppressing irrelevant activities.

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“…Although the processes fundamental to spatial integration of disparate contour elements likely occur in V1 (Polat, 2013), recent research suggests that the likely cortical site of larger-scale contour representation is V2 (Huang et al, 2006) indicating that these integrative processes might scale with receptive field size. The proximity and collinearity effects found in flanker facilitation tasks extend to larger-scale contour integration (Polat, 1999; Polat and Bonneh, 2000; Cass and Spehar, 2005; Zhaoping, 2011), such that elements are grouped into contours if they share orientation information and are sufficiently close together (see Geisler et al, 2001).…”

Section: Path To Object Perceptionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The development of contour processing: evidence from physiology and psychophysics

et al. 2014

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Object perception and pattern vision depend fundamentally upon the extraction of contours from the visual environment. In adulthood, contour or edge-level processing is supported by the Gestalt heuristics of proximity, collinearity, and closure. Less is known, however, about the developmental trajectory of contour detection and contour integration. Within the physiology of the visual system, long-range horizontal connections in V1 and V2 are the likely candidates for implementing these heuristics. While post-mortem anatomical studies of human infants suggest that horizontal interconnections reach maturity by the second year of life, psychophysical research with infants and children suggests a considerably more protracted development. In the present review, data from infancy to adulthood will be discussed in order to track the development of contour detection and integration. The goal of this review is thus to integrate the development of contour detection and integration with research regarding the development of underlying neural circuitry. We conclude that the ontogeny of this system is best characterized as a developmentally extended period of associative acquisition whereby horizontal connectivity becomes functional over longer and longer distances, thus becoming able to effectively integrate over greater spans of visual space.

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Flank facilitation and contour integration: Different sites

Cited by 50 publications

References 41 publications

Collinear facilitation in color vision

Collinear facilitation in color vision

On the functions, mechanisms, and malfunctions of intracortical contextual modulation

The development of contour processing: evidence from physiology and psychophysics

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