Flat‐Rate Reclaimed Use and Savings in Single‐Family Homes

Knight, Scott L.; Heaney, James P.; Morales, Miguel

doi:10.5942/jawwa.2015.107.0054

Cited by 6 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 12 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…The analysis included only single‐family residential customers without access to reuse and without dedicated irrigation meters. Additionally, customers must have had unique nonzero customer and parcel ID numbers and had a greenspace area of at least 1,000 ft 2 (Knight et al ). Criteria for excluding low and high data were different because the criteria were targeted to different real‐life reasons for exclusions: unoccupied homes and leaks.…”

Section: Irrigation Metricsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Water Conservation Benefits of Long‐Term Residential Irrigation Restrictions in Southwest Florida

et al. 2018

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Long-term watering restrictions for single-family residential customers in southwest Florida coincided with lower irrigation. Irrigation demand (landscape water applied) was estimated from monthly water billing records of approximately 127,250 customers from 1998 to 2010. Mean monthly irrigation demands under restrictions that limited irrigation to two days/week and one day/week were calculated for each customer and summed to yield annual irrigation demands. Annual irrigation demand was 13% lower (9.8 versus 11.3 in./year), while the irrigation required by the landscape as a result of weather conditions was 3% higher (25.7 versus 25.0 in./year) under the more stringent restrictions. The majority of customers irrigated less than their landscape required. High irrigators (those irrigating above what their landscape required) irrigated 20% less (10.2 in./year) under the more stringent conditions, indicating that those who irrigated most had the highest conservation potential. Additional conservation potential existed for high irrigators, whose irrigation demand exceeded landscape requirements by 56% under one day/week restrictions.A literature review of residential irrigation water restrictions in the United States and an analysis of more than a decade of continuous water restrictions in the Tampa Bay area of southwest Florida are presented in this study. The summaries and results can be used to inform decisions about residential landscape watering restrictions in the study area, which contains 11.5% of Florida's population, as well as outside utilities contemplating restrictions as a conservation measure.

show abstract

Section: Irrigation Metricsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Water Conservation Benefits of Long‐Term Residential Irrigation Restrictions in Southwest Florida

et al. 2018

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The irrigable areas of the three houses were estimated to be 10,715, 9,145, and 10,985 ft 2 , respectively. Knight et al () presented the probability and cumulative distributions for 6,305 single‐family residences in central Florida. On the basis of their data, the median irrigable area is about 7,000 ft 2 , and the three study houses with irrigable areas of about 10,000 ft 2 would be in the 60th percentile range.…”

Section: Implementation Of Process To Identify Unintended Eventsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The application rates for irrigation at the three homes were 21, 96, and 21 in./year (Table ). The benchmark application rate for this study area was approximately 25 in./year (Knight et al ). On the basis of this figure, house 2 was applying approximately four times the needed application rate, and the other two homes were applying slightly less than the benchmark application rate.…”

Section: Implementation Of Process To Identify Unintended Eventsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Use of High‐Frequency Data to Detect Household Leaks as Event Outliers

McCary

Heaney

2018

Journal AWWA

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

This article presents the results of a prototype highfrequency water use evaluation using 1 min data collected for three single-family homes in Hillsborough County, Fla., over a period of one year. Automatic meter reading meter registers were used with shortrange wireless communication that allowed for ease of data collection by driving by and downloading the data from the meter registers. This analysis quantifies potential leaks by looking at outlier events in terms of intensity, duration, frequency, and volume. The homes have separate indoor and irrigation meters, which enables the analysis to compare outliers across indoor water use and irrigation separately. The term "aggregate event" is used because specific end uses (for example, showers) are not quantified. The aggregates of end-use events are summarized over continuous durations to analyze the most significant leak events. The results are promising, and the techniques used in the study are currently being applied to a larger study area.

show abstract

“…Application adequacy refers to a supply of water to the landscape to meet plants' requirements, while efficiency refers to reducing water waste (Grabow et al 2013). Similar to Knight et al (2015), the research team assumed application efficiency to be 100% and thus focused on evaluating application adequacy. This may have introduced error into the analysis as audit measurements of pre‐audit application efficiency revealed significant deviation from 100%.…”

Section: Impact Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact Evaluation of Residential Irrigation Audits on Water Conservation in Colorado

Shimabuku

Stellar

Mayer³

2016

Journal AWWA

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Residential sprinkler audit programs are commonly used as a tool for municipalities to achieve their water conservation goals, but little evaluative work has been done to measure the water savings from these efforts. Results include a statistical analysis of the impact of 2,000 residential sprinkler audits in Colorado and guidance for future conservation program design. Analysis of water billing records from at least two years pre‐ and two years post‐irrigation audit from five seasons (2007–2012) were used to answer key questions about irrigation audit impact on water use as well as to understand factors that contribute to water savings from irrigation programs. While the average water savings one year post‐audit were 5,000 gal/participant and median savings were 2,000 gal/participant, high variability among savings beyond one year suggests that audits may not produce as robust long‐term benefits.

show abstract

Flat‐Rate Reclaimed Use and Savings in Single‐Family Homes

Cited by 6 publications

References 12 publications

Water Conservation Benefits of Long‐Term Residential Irrigation Restrictions in Southwest Florida

Water Conservation Benefits of Long‐Term Residential Irrigation Restrictions in Southwest Florida

Use of High‐Frequency Data to Detect Household Leaks as Event Outliers

Impact Evaluation of Residential Irrigation Audits on Water Conservation in Colorado

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About