Flatbed-type Autostereoscopic Display Systems Using Integral Imaging Method

Hirayama, Y.; Saishu, Tatsuo; Fukushima, Rieko; Taira, Kazuki

doi:10.1109/icce.2006.1598342

Cited by 14 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…These flatbed systems are based on the integral imaging method enhanced by Toshiba's 3D technology [7]. The flatbed-type displays have advantages compared with the conventional upright displays.…”

Section: Flatbed-type 1d-ii Display Systemsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A novel 3D hand-area space sharing system

et al. 2010

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This paper describes a new system for sharing a 3D space on workbenches placed at different locations. It consists of flatbed-type autostereoscopic displays based on the one-dimensional (horizontal parallax only) integral imaging (1D-II) method and multi-viewpoint video cameras. Possible applications of the system include a tool for remote instruction, where an instructor can show how to assemble a product from given parts to a worker who is not in front of the instructor but in a different room or factory. The idea of sharing the 3D space at different locations is not new. In the previous applications such as mixed reality, however, since the depth of the reconstructed 3D space was not clearly restricted, it is difficult to improve the image quality of the reconstructed space. In the application presented in this paper, we can obtain a reasonable level of the image quality because the depth of the reconstructed space is clearly limited by the size of the parts on the 3D workbench. A new multi-viewpoint video camera was designed for the application. In this design, each image sensor was placed parallel to the lens with a shift in each direction of the XY coordinate system in a horizontal plane and only a limited region of each image was used to reconstruct the 3D space. An experimental system called the "3D hand-area space sharing system" was implemented using integral imaging 3D displays as well as multi-viewpoint video cameras. As a result, we ascertained that larger display, namely, 8K4K, and interpolation technology are necessary for a multi-viewpoint video camera for the 3D hand-area space sharing system.

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Section: Flatbed-type 1d-ii Display Systemsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A novel 3D hand-area space sharing system

et al. 2010

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“…We employed 3-D display systems in our current study using an integral imaging method developed by Hirayama et al 20 Our primary objective was not to simply investigate whether there was a difference in visual evoked potentials (VEPs) between 2-D and 3-D images, because this has been shown in previous studies. The main purpose of our current study was to compare our VEP findings with an integral imaging method with those from previous studies that used other nonstereoscopic and stereoscopic 3-D methods, as well as to confirm different VEPs to 3-D images compared with VEPs to 2-D images.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…[9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19] Another unique method for producing stereoscopic 3-D images is integral imaging, which was originally invented by Lippmann in 1908 20 and reproduces light beams similar to those produced by a real object. This integral imaging method is expected to meet the requirements of a wide viewing zone, smooth motion parallax, and distortionless 3-D images, and it reduces visual fatigue.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This integral imaging method is expected to meet the requirements of a wide viewing zone, smooth motion parallax, and distortionless 3-D images, and it reduces visual fatigue. 20 There is a considerable body of research regarding the visual fatigue associated with stereoscopic images. The main factor in visual fatigue is considered to be the conflict of accommodation and convergence.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Modulation of Human Visual Evoked Potentials in 3-Dimensional Perception After Stimuli Produced With an Integral Imaging Method

et al. 2012

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We investigated the neurophysiological correlates of stereoscopic 3-dimensional (3-D) depth perception by studying human visual evoked potentials (VEPs) with an integral imaging method characterized by horizontal but not vertical disparity. The VEPs were recorded in 10 healthy men under 4 conditions. In condition I, stimuli A (flat, 2-dimensional [2-D] image) and B (concave 3-D image) were presented at random. In condition II, stimuli A and C (convex 3-D image) were presented at random. In condition III, stimuli B and C were presented at random. In condition IV, stimuli A, B, and C were presented at random. The data for flat VEPs to stimulus A were combined in conditions I and II. The data for concave VEPs to stimulus B were combined in conditions I and III. The data for convex VEPs to stimulus C were combined in conditions II and III. When 2-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) for 2 factors, stimulus conditions (flat VEPs, concave VEPs, and convex VEPs) and electrode positions, was applied for VEP data, the N1 and N2 peak amplitudes differed significantly among the 3 stimulus conditions. In condition IV, the N1 peak amplitudes differed significantly among the 3 stimuli. Multiple comparisons followed by Bonferroni adjustment did not detect differences in the N1 peak amplitude between stimuli A and B, between stimuli A and C, or between stimuli B and C. We concluded that VEPs to concave or convex 3-D stimuli were significantly different from VEPs to flat 2-D stimuli. This is the first report showing modulation of human VEPs in 3-D perception with an integral imaging method.

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“…The mainstream 3-D technology is limited in terms of the viewing angle and the images are also tiring to view. Flatbed-type one-dimensional (1-D) integral imaging (II) 3-D display systems [1] with many parallax rays have been realized using mosaic pixel alignment [2]. A newly proposed viewing zone control method [3] and a distortion-free rendering method [4] have been introduced to obtain natural and easily viewable 3-D images.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Flatbed-type 3D display systems using integral imaging method

et al. 2006

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We have developed prototypes of flatbed-type autostereoscopic display systems using one-dimensional integral imaging method. The integral imaging system reproduces light beams similar of those produced by a real object. Our display architecture is suitable for flatbed configurations because it has a large margin for viewing distance and angle and has continuous motion parallax. We have applied our technology to 15.4-inch displays. We realized horizontal resolution of 480 with 12 parallaxes due to adoption of mosaic pixel arrangement of the display panel. It allows viewers to see high quality autostereoscopic images. Viewing the display from angle allows the viewer to experience 3-D images that stand out several centimeters from the surface of the display. Mixed reality of virtual 3-D objects and real objects are also realized on a flatbed display. In seeking reproduction of natural 3-D images on the flatbed display, we developed proprietary software. The fast playback of the CG movie contents and real-time interaction are realized with the aid of a graphics card. Realization of the safety 3-D images to the human beings is very important. Therefore, we have measured the effects on the visual function and evaluated the biological effects. For example, the accommodation and convergence were measured at the same time. The various biological effects are also measured before and after the task of watching 3-D images. We have found that our displays show better results than those to a conventional stereoscopic display. The new technology opens up new areas of application for 3-D displays, including arcade games, e-learning, simulations of buildings and landscapes, and even 3-D menus in restaurants.

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Flatbed-type Autostereoscopic Display Systems Using Integral Imaging Method

Cited by 14 publications

References 4 publications

A novel 3D hand-area space sharing system

A novel 3D hand-area space sharing system

Modulation of Human Visual Evoked Potentials in 3-Dimensional Perception After Stimuli Produced With an Integral Imaging Method

Flatbed-type 3D display systems using integral imaging method

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