Flavonoid Baicalin Inhibits HIV-1 Infection at the Level of Viral Entry

Li, Bao Qun; Fu, Tao; Dongyan, Yao; Mikovits, Judy A.; Ruscetti, Francis W.; Wang, Ji Ming

doi:10.1006/bbrc.2000.3485

Cited by 219 publications

(135 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…40 Besides the free radical theory, inflammation is noted in the brains of HIV-infected individuals and of Tat transgenic mice. 17 [42][43][44] Taken together, all these studies raise the possibility of using EGb 761 as an alternative medication for treating HIV-induced neurological disorders. These results also confirm that inflammation and free radical production are likely the main events leading to Tat neurotoxicity and HIV-associated neuropathologies.…”

Section: Neurotherapeutic Function Of Egb 761 Against Tat Neurotoxicitymentioning

confidence: 90%

Protection against Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Tat Neurotoxicity by Ginkgo biloba Extract EGb 761 Involving Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein

Zou

Kim

Zhou

et al. 2007

The American Journal of Pathology

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Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-1 Tat protein isan important pathogenic factor in HIV-associated neuropathogenesis. Despite recent progress, the molecular mechanisms underlying Tat neurotoxicity are still not completely understood. However, few therapeutics have been developed to specifically target HIV infection in the brain. Recent development of an inducible brain-specific Tat transgenic mouse model has made it possible to define the mechanisms of Tat neurotoxicity and evaluate anti-neuroAIDS therapeutic candidates in the context of a whole organism. Herein, we demonstrate that administration of EGb 761, a standardized formulation of Ginkgo biloba extract, markedly protected Tat transgenic mice from Tat-induced developmental retardation, inflammation, death, astrocytosis, and neuron loss. EGb 761 directly down-regulated glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) expression at both protein and mRNA levels. This down-regulation was, at least in part, attributable to direct effects of EGb 761 on the interactions of the AP1 and NF-B transcription factors with the GFAP promoter. Most strikingly, Tat-induced neuropathological phenotypes including macrophage/microglia activation, central nervous system infiltration of T lymphocytes, and oxidative stress were significantly alleviated in GFAP-null/Tat transgenic mice. Taken together, these results provide the first evidence to support the potential for clinical use of EGb 761 to treat HIV-associated neurological diseases. Moreover, these findings suggest for the first time that GFAP activation is directly involved in Tat neurotoxicity, supporting the notion that astrocyte activation or astrocytosis may directly contribute to HIV-associated neurological disorders.

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Section: Neurotherapeutic Function Of Egb 761 Against Tat Neurotoxicitymentioning

confidence: 90%

Protection against Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Tat Neurotoxicity by Ginkgo biloba Extract EGb 761 Involving Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein

Zou

Kim

Zhou

et al. 2007

The American Journal of Pathology

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“…We hypothesized that BanLec binds to high mannose structures found on the HIV-1 envelope, preventing entry and, thus, infection. If so, little or none of the strong-stop DNA product of early HIV-1 reverse transcription (see "Materials and Methods") should be detected when cells are exposed to HIV-1 in the presence of BanLec (44,48). To test this hypothesis, we incubated PBL with the HIV-1 Bru isolate in the presence of different concentrations of BanLec.…”

Section: Banlec Appears To Block Hiv-1 Infection At the Viral Entrymentioning

confidence: 99%

A Lectin Isolated from Bananas Is a Potent Inhibitor of HIV Replication

Swanson

Winter

Goldstein

et al. 2010

Journal of Biological Chemistry

179

150

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BanLec is a jacalin-related lectin isolated from the fruit of bananas, Musa acuminata. This lectin binds to high mannose carbohydrate structures, including those found on viruses containing glycosylated envelope proteins such as human immunodeficiency virus type-1 (HIV-1). Therefore, we hypothesized that BanLec might inhibit HIV-1 through binding of the glycosylated HIV-1 envelope protein, gp120. We determined that

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“…As one of the oldest Chi-nese herbal medicines, many bioactive substances have been successfully isolated from P. perfoliatum l., such as quercetin, and protocatechuic acid, etc. Among the bioactive properties, flavonoid offers a number of promising features (li et al, 2000;Nijveldt et al, 2001). Flavonoids are one of the plant-derived secondary polyphenolic metabolites which are ubiquitous in nature and abundantly present throughout a variety of herbal plants (Goncalves et al, 2001).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Many pharmacological properties of flavonoids, especially antiviral actions have been reported in the scientific literature (Hayashi et al, 2012;Nijveldt et al, 2001). Studies have demonstrated that the flavonoids extracted from herbs in addition to different properties like anti-allergic, inflammatory, microbial and cancer activity, they also exert antiviral activities against a wide spectrum of vicious human pathogens, including human immunodeficiency virus type 1, herpes simplex virus, vesicular stomatitis virus and human cytomegalovirus (Cefarelli et al, 2006;Kralj et al, 2013;li et al, 2000;Middleton et al, 2000). These findings are crucial for understanding the pharmacological properties of flavonoids which, despite extensive studies of different flavonoid antiviral properties derived from P. perfoliatum l., are still incompletely understood.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The flavonoid from Polygonum perfoliatum L. inhibits herpes simplex virus 1 infection

Zhang¹,

Wei²,

Liu³

et al. 2014

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Summary. -Herpes simplex virus 1 (HSV-1) is one of the most prevalent human pathogens in both industrialized and developing countries. This study was performed to analyze the antiviral activity of purified flavonoid from Polygonum perfoliatum l. against HSV-1 infection in vitro and in vivo. Flavonoid showed no inhibitory effect, when treated before virus infection, but it strongly inhibited viral replication and cell-to-cell spread which was vital for the virus's propagation. The therapeutic effect of the flavonoid in treating HSV-1 induced encephalitis was also investigated in mice. A dose-dependent increase of survival rate and mean survival time (MST) were observed in the flavonoid-treated mice. These results suggested that the flavonoid may be a viable therapeutic option for recurrent HSV-1 infection.Keywords: herpes simplex virus 1; flavonoid; Polygonum perfoliatum l.; antiviral, Hep-2 cell; mouse Acta virologica 58: 368 -373, 2014 doi:10.4149/av_2014_04_368 * Corresponding author. E-mail: zqyang@whu.edu.cn; phone: +862768759136. Abbreviations: ACV = acyclovir; EC 50 = 50% effective concentration; HSV-1= herpes simplex virus 1; IFA = immunofluorescence assay; MST = mean survival time; p.i. = post infection; SI = selectivity index; TC 50 = 50% toxic concentration

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Flavonoid Baicalin Inhibits HIV-1 Infection at the Level of Viral Entry

Cited by 219 publications

References 19 publications

Protection against Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Tat Neurotoxicity by Ginkgo biloba Extract EGb 761 Involving Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein

Protection against Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Tat Neurotoxicity by Ginkgo biloba Extract EGb 761 Involving Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein

A Lectin Isolated from Bananas Is a Potent Inhibitor of HIV Replication

The flavonoid from Polygonum perfoliatum L. inhibits herpes simplex virus 1 infection

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