Flavonols Induced by 5-Aminolevulinic Acid Are Involved in Regulation of Stomatal Opening in Apple Leaves

Liu, Longbo; Xiong, Lijun; An, Yuyan; Zheng, Jie; Wang, Liangju

doi:10.1016/j.hpj.2017.02.002

Cited by 19 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…Interestingly, root application of ALA not only promoted anthocyanin accumulation but also increased flavonol content (Zheng et al, 2017). ALA-improved flavonol accumulation has also been reported in guard cells of apple leaves and Arabidopsis cotyledons (An et al, 2016;Liu et al, 2016). Here, our results further showed that ALA simultaneously increased the transcription level of MdFLS and MdDFR (Figure 4A).…”

Section: Ala Regulates Expressions Of Structural Genes Of Anthocyaninsupporting

confidence: 84%

Transcriptomic Profiling of Apple Calli With a Focus on the Key Genes for ALA-Induced Anthocyanin Accumulation

et al. 2021

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The red color is an attractive trait of fruit and determines its market acceptance. 5-Aminolevulinic acid (ALA), an eco-friendly plant growth regulator, has played a universal role in plant secondary metabolism regulation, particularly in flavonoid biosynthesis. It has been widely reported that ALA can up-regulate expression levels of several structural genes related to flavonoid metabolism and anthocyanin accumulation. However, the molecular mechanisms behind ALA-induced expression of these genes are complicated and still far from being completely understood. In this study, transcriptome analysis identified the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) associated with ALA-induced anthocyanin accumulation. Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) analysis showed that the flavonoid biosynthesis (ko00941) pathway was significantly enhanced in the ALA-treated apple calli at 24, 48, and 72 h after the treatment. Expression pattern revealed that ALA up-regulated the expression of the structural genes related to not only anthocyanin biosynthesis (MdCHS, MdCHI, MdF3’H, MdDFR, MdANS, and MdUFGT) but also anthocyanin transport (MdGST and MdMATE). Two R2R3-MYB transcription factors (MdMYB10 and MdMYB9), which are the known positive regulators of anthocyanin biosynthesis, were significantly induced by ALA. Gene overexpression and RNA interference assays demonstrated that MdMYB10 and MdMYB9 were involved in ALA-induced anthocyanin biosynthesis. Moreover, MdMYB10 and MdMYB9 might positively regulate the transcription of MdMATE8 by binding to the promoter region. These results indicate that MdMYB10 and MdMYB9 modulated structural gene expression of anthocyanin biosynthesis and transport in response to ALA-mediated apple calli coloration at the transcript level. We herein provide new details regarding transcriptional regulation of ALA-induced color development.

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Section: Ala Regulates Expressions Of Structural Genes Of Anthocyaninsupporting

confidence: 84%

Transcriptomic Profiling of Apple Calli With a Focus on the Key Genes for ALA-Induced Anthocyanin Accumulation

et al. 2021

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“…It has also been suggested as a new plant growth regulator involved in regulating many aspects of plant growth and development (Wang et al , Phour et al ). Exogenous ALA promotes apple coloring (Xie et al , Zheng et al ), seed germination (Han et al ), stomatal opening (Chen et al , An et al , Liu et al ) and leaf photosynthetic efficiency (Wang et al ). It can also inhibit pollen germination and tube growth, and therefore can be used to thin surplus flowers and improve fruit quality (An et al ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exogenous 5‐aminolevulinic acid improves strawberry tolerance to osmotic stress and its possible mechanisms

Cai

et al. 2019

Physiologia Plantarum

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Cultivated strawberry, one of the major fruit crops worldwide, is an evergreen plant with shallow root system, and thus sensitive to environmental changes, including drought stress. To investigate the effect of 5-aminolevulinic acid (ALA), a new environment-friendly plant growth regulator, on strawberry drought tolerance and its possible mechanisms, we treated strawberry (Fragaria × annanasa Duch. cv. 'Benihoppe') with 15% polyethylene glycol 6000 to simulate osmotic stress with or without 10 mg l −1 ALA. We found that ALA significantly alleviated PEG-inhibited plant growth and improved water absorption and xylem sap flux, indicating ALA mitigates the adverse effect of osmotic stress on strawberry plants. Gas exchange and chlorophyll fluorescence analysis showed that ALA mitigated PEG-induced decreases of P n , G s , T r , P n /C i , photosystem I and II reaction center activities, electron transport activity, and photosynthetic performance indexes. Equally important, ALA promoted PEG-increased antioxidant enzyme activities and repressed PEG-increased malondialdehyde and superoxide anion in both leaves and roots. Specially, ALA repressed H 2 O 2 increase in leaves, but stimulated it in roots. Furthermore, ALA repressed abscisic acid (ABA) biosynthesis and signaling gene expressions in leaves, but promoted those in roots. In addition, ALA blocked PEG-downregulated expressions of plasmalemma and tonoplast aquaporin genes PIP and TIP in both leaves and roots. Taken together, ALA effectively enhances strawberry drought tolerance and the mechanism is related to the improvement of water absorption and conductivity. The tissue-specific responses of ABA biosynthesis, ABA signaling, and H 2 O 2 accumulation to ALA in leaves and roots play key roles in ALA-improved strawberry tolerance to osmotic stress.

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“…This can be an outcome of lack of inhibition of HY5 transcription factor by RCD1. Both RCD1 protein as well as flavonoids have been reported to accumulate in guard cells [ 18 , 62 , 63 , 64 ]. The rcd1 has more open stomata, which are proposed to be co-regulated at least partially by flavonoids [ 62 , 64 ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Metabolite Profiling of Paraquat Tolerant Arabidopsis thaliana Radical-induced Cell Death1 (rcd1)—A Mediator of Antioxidant Defence Mechanisms

2022

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RADICAL-INDUCED CELL DEATH1 (RCD1) is an Arabidopsis thaliana nuclear protein that is disrupted during oxidative stress. RCD1 is considered an important integrative node in development and stress responses, and the rcd1 plants have several phenotypes and altered resistance to a variety of abiotic and biotic stresses. One of the phenotypes of rcd1 is resistance to the herbicide paraquat, but the mechanisms behind it are unknown. Paraquat causes a rapid burst of reactive oxygen species (ROS) initially in the chloroplast. We performed multi-platform metabolomic analyses in wild type Col-0 and paraquat resistant rcd1 plants to identify pathways conveying resistance and the function of RCD1 in this respect. Wild type and rcd1 plants were clearly distinguished by their abundance of antioxidants and specialized metabolites and their responses to paraquat. The lack of response in rcd1 suggested constitutively active defense against ROS via elevated flavonoid, glutathione, β-carotene, and tocopherol levels, whereas its ascorbic acid levels were compromised under non-stressed control conditions when compared to Col-0. We propose that RCD1 acts as a hub that maintains basal antioxidant system, and its inactivation induces defense responses by enhancing the biosynthesis and redox cycling of low molecular weight antioxidants and specialized metabolites with profound antioxidant activities alleviating oxidative stress.

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Flavonols Induced by 5-Aminolevulinic Acid Are Involved in Regulation of Stomatal Opening in Apple Leaves

Cited by 19 publications

References 29 publications

Transcriptomic Profiling of Apple Calli With a Focus on the Key Genes for ALA-Induced Anthocyanin Accumulation

Transcriptomic Profiling of Apple Calli With a Focus on the Key Genes for ALA-Induced Anthocyanin Accumulation

Exogenous 5‐aminolevulinic acid improves strawberry tolerance to osmotic stress and its possible mechanisms

Metabolite Profiling of Paraquat Tolerant Arabidopsis thaliana Radical-induced Cell Death1 (rcd1)—A Mediator of Antioxidant Defence Mechanisms

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