Flexibility provision through enhanced synergies between electricity, gas and heat systems: a comparative analysis of market and regulatory frameworks in seven case study countries

Abstract

With the increased share of renewable energy sources, there is a growing need for more flexibility to ensure the efficient and reliable operation of the electricity system. Multi-energy systems (MES) now appear as one possible means to provide such flexibility through increased synergies between electricity, gas, and heating/cooling systems. In this context, the main findings of the study carried out in the MAGNITUDE European project are described. The most relevant services that could be provided by MES to the electricity system are first presented. Then a methodology is proposed to characterise and compare the market organisations and mechanisms for their procurement. The results of its application in seven case study countries are summarised and illustrate the diversity met between countries. The gas and heat sectors are also investigated for the seven countries to characterise the main aspects relevant to the provision of the services by MES. A comparative analysis is then carried out between the three energy sectors in the seven countries and highlights the major similarities and differences. Finally, potential barriers for the provision of the services by MES are discussed regarding the market, regulatory, and cultural aspects.

Network Pricing for Multienergy Systems Under Long-Term Load Growth Uncertainty

“…Constraints ( 13) and ( 14) denote the ramp up and ramp down constraints and the minimum start-up and shutdown constraints for generating units, respectively. Constraint (15) ensure the nodal electricity load balance. The direct-current (DC) power flow is used, as shown in (16).…”

“…However, the charging method is simplified by ignoring the impact of nodal incremental demand on the utilization of the gas network since it assumes that the system is fully utilized. Regarding heating networks, there is no nationally regulated heating pricing method [15]. In most cases, a dual tariff scheme is applied to district heating based on fixed investment costs and variable fees (e.g., fuel purchase).…”