Flexible Solid‐State Direct Ethanol Fuel Cell Catalyzed by Nanoporous High‐Entropy Al‐Pd‐Ni‐Cu‐Mo Anode and Spinel (AlMnCo)<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub> Cathode

Li, Shiyin; Wang, Jiaqi; Lin, Xi; Xie, Guoqiang; Huang, Yan; Liu, Xingjun; Qiu, Hua‐Jun

doi:10.1002/adfm.202007129

Cited by 60 publications

(34 citation statements)

References 72 publications

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“…Computational investigations suggested that the increased covalency of the Ir─O bond in the surface mixed oxide sites is the main contribution to the enhanced OER activity. Analogously, Qiu et al ( 91 ) prepared AlNiCoFeX (X = Mo, Nb, and Cr) nanostructures with oxide surface layers as alkaline OER catalysts, which were further integrated into the flexible direct ethanol fuel cells ( 92 ).…”

Section: Heas For Catalysismentioning

confidence: 99%

High-entropy materials for catalysis: A new frontier

2021

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Entropy plays a pivotal role in catalysis, and extensive research efforts have been directed to understanding the enthalpy-entropy relationship that defines the reaction pathways of molecular species. On the other side, surface of the catalysts, entropic effects have been rarely investigated because of the difficulty in deciphering the increased complexities in multicomponent systems. Recent advances in high-entropy materials (HEMs) have triggered broad interests in exploring entropy-stabilized systems for catalysis, where the enhanced configurational entropy affords a virtually unlimited scope for tailoring the structures and properties of HEMs. In this review, we summarize recent progress in the discovery and design of HEMs for catalysis. The correlation between compositional and structural engineering and optimization of the catalytic behaviors is highlighted for high-entropy alloys, oxides, and beyond. Tuning composition and configuration of HEMs introduces untapped opportunities for accessing better catalysts and resolving issues that are considered challenging in conventional, simple systems.

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Section: Heas For Catalysismentioning

confidence: 99%

High-entropy materials for catalysis: A new frontier

2021

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“…viii) Dealloying method. [32,37,41,43,54] The method is suitable for high yield, more suitable for industrial application, and easy to prepare porous high entropy alloy with pore structure. However, the high temperature and inert atmosphere conditions in the early stage of the casting process lead to high cost.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…With the development of nanotechnology, HEAs have also made progress in the electrocatalysis field. [21][22][23][24][25][26][27] It can be effectively used for hydrogen evolution reaction (HER), [28][29][30][31][32][33][34][35][36][37] oxygen evolution reaction (OER), [18,29,30,[38][39][40][41][42] oxygen reduction reaction (ORR), [32,41,[43][44][45][46][47] alcohol oxidation reaction (MOR/EOR), [34,43,[48][49][50][51][52][53][54] carbon dioxide reduction reaction (CO 2 RR), [55,56] and nitrogen reduction reaction (NRR). [57] In catalysis, the excellent performance of the material is not just a simple superposition of the performance of each metal ion, but comes from the synergy between the metal ions.…”

Section: Multi-sites Electrocatalysis In High-entropy Alloysmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multi‐Sites Electrocatalysis in High‐Entropy Alloys

Lai

et al. 2021

Adv Funct Materials

217

135

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High‐entropy alloys (HEAs) have attracted widespread attention in electrocatalysis due to their unique advantages (adjustable composition, complex surface, high tolerance, etc.). They allow for the formation of new and tailorable active sites in multiple elements adjacent to each other, and the interaction can be tailored by rational selection of element configuration and composition. However, it needs to be further explored in catalyst design, the interaction of elements, and the determination of active sites. This review article focuses on the important progress for multi‐sites electrocatalysis in HEAs. The classification is done on the basis of catalytic reaction, including hydrogen evolution reaction, oxygen evolution reaction, oxygen reduction reaction, alcohol oxidation reaction, carbon dioxide reduction reaction, and nitrogen reduction reaction. Based on experiments and theories, a more in‐depth exploration of the high catalytic activity of HEAs will be conducted, including the selection of elements (the special role of each element in catalysis) and the multi‐sites effect. This review can provide the basis for the element selection and design of HEAs in some reactions, to adjust the compositions of HEAs to improve their intrinsic activity. Furthermore, the remaining challenges and future directions for promising research fields are also provided.

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“…[289] Particularly, the high-entropy alloys have been intensively developed in ORR electrocatalysis. [295][296][297] Hu's group developed a high-throughput method to synthesize an extensive series of HEAs to rapidly screen for highly-efficient electrocatalysts using a scanning droplet cell (Figure 10d). [135] The samples with varied ORR activities were displayed in a neural network diagram, where the size of the circles represented the magnitude of the specific current at 0.45 V (Figure 10e).…”

Section: Wwwadvancedsciencenewscommentioning

confidence: 99%

Multidimensional Nonstoichiometric Electrode Materials for Electrochemical Energy Conversion and Storage

Liu

Jinhan

et al. 2021

Advanced Energy Materials

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number of compounds deviate from definite composite. For example, Wüstite type FeO was found to occur in varied Fe/O ratios with Fe vacancies over a narrow limit in nature, [2,3] while stoichiometric form of FeO was obtained only under high pressure. [4] With the discovery of more chemical compounds with compositions deviating from their stoichiometric counterparts, a new family of materials, which is now recognized as nonstoichiometric material (NMs) or berthollides in honor of Berthollet, has drawn increasing research interest in materials chemistry.Structurally, nonstoichiometry can be induced from defect engineering, element doping, or substitution. [5,6] Although the resulting composition and elemental ratio are allowed to vary in a wide range, the phase and space group of nonstoichiometric compounds are generally identical to the parent stoichiometric counterparts. The type of nonstoichiometry is multidimensional, ranging from point defects (vacancy, substitution or interstitial), local defect (Frenkel pair or cation mixing), linear substitution (typically in layered compounds) to surface defect, bulk composition variation, and spatially dependent concentration gradient. [7] Thermodynamically, deviation from stoichiometry is always accompanied by the change in the system Gibbs free energy and/or redox of characteristic ions, which would endow the materials with multiple physicochemical features in modulating electronic structures, chemical valence, charge storage, carrier diffusion, and stability. [8][9][10][11] Since nonstoichiometry widely exists in many types of compounds including oxides, nitrides, carbides, sulfides, and alloys, it is desirable to develop deep understanding over the fundamental origin, related features, and their contributions to practical functionality.In the context of developing renewable energy conversion and storage, functional electrode materials are crucial to determine the electrochemical performance, stability, and cost. [11,12] In electrocatalysis, exploring highly active electrode materials for hydrogen evolution reaction (HER), oxygen reduction reaction (ORR), and oxygen evolution reaction (OER) is a key to boost the performance of water splitting, fuel cell, and metalair battery. [13][14][15] Meanwhile, electrochemical nitrogen reduction reaction (NRR) under ambient conditions provides a promising pathway of ammonia synthesis from N 2 and H 2 O alternative to the traditional contaminative Haber-Bosch process. [16] For batteries, the cell voltage, reversible capacity, and cycling Nonstoichiometry plays an important role in determining physicochemical properties such as conductivity, activity, and stability due to the compositioninduced change in phase, local atomic environment, and electronic structure. A variety of materials with nonstoichiometry have emerged in electrochemical energy conversion and storage, which necessitates a solid understanding of their formation mechanism and structure-function relationship. This review presents a summary of the progress made in this ...

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Flexible Solid‐State Direct Ethanol Fuel Cell Catalyzed by Nanoporous High‐Entropy Al‐Pd‐Ni‐Cu‐Mo Anode and Spinel (AlMnCo)₃O₄ Cathode

Cited by 60 publications

References 72 publications

High-entropy materials for catalysis: A new frontier

High-entropy materials for catalysis: A new frontier

Multi‐Sites Electrocatalysis in High‐Entropy Alloys

Multidimensional Nonstoichiometric Electrode Materials for Electrochemical Energy Conversion and Storage

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Flexible Solid‐State Direct Ethanol Fuel Cell Catalyzed by Nanoporous High‐Entropy Al‐Pd‐Ni‐Cu‐Mo Anode and Spinel (AlMnCo)3O4 Cathode

Cited by 60 publications

References 72 publications

High-entropy materials for catalysis: A new frontier

High-entropy materials for catalysis: A new frontier

Multi‐Sites Electrocatalysis in High‐Entropy Alloys

Multidimensional Nonstoichiometric Electrode Materials for Electrochemical Energy Conversion and Storage

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Product

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Flexible Solid‐State Direct Ethanol Fuel Cell Catalyzed by Nanoporous High‐Entropy Al‐Pd‐Ni‐Cu‐Mo Anode and Spinel (AlMnCo)₃O₄ Cathode