Flexible Wearable Sensors for Cardiovascular Health Monitoring

Chen, Shuwen; Qi, Jiaming; Fan, Shicheng; Qiao, Zheng; Yeo, Joo Chuan; Lim, Chwee Teck

doi:10.1002/adhm.202100116

Cited by 260 publications

(183 citation statements)

References 228 publications

(213 reference statements)

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“…Pressure sensors are transducers that can acquire tactile information and transform it into electrical signals and have shown enormous potential in the fields of e-skins, [110][111][112][113][114] intelligent robotics, [115][116][117][118] human-machine interactions, [39,111,116,[118][119][120][121][122] and biomedical devices. [2,39,72,[123][124][125] Portable energy-storage devices, such as batteries, appear to be an intuitive choice for a universal energy solution. Wearable bioelectronics, especially skin electronics, are a key element for personalized healthcare and communication.…”

Section: Pulse Pressure Sensing Mechanismmentioning

confidence: 99%

Wearable Pressure Sensors for Pulse Wave Monitoring

et al. 2022

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Furthermore, by 2030 this number is expected to rise steadily to 23.6 million. [2] Despite such high mortality rates, most CVD, [3,4] including arteriosclerosis, [5,6] diabetes, [7][8][9][10] myocardial infarction, [11,12] coronary heart disease, [13,14] and hypertension, [15][16][17][18] can be prevented and treated through early diagnosis and long-term monitoring of physiological signaling. Conventional health systems suffer from deficiencies in wearability, wireless technology, lifespan, and stability to maintain a long-term collection of clinical-grade individual health metrics for accurate diagnosis. [19][20][21] As such, promoting the utility of Internet of Things (IoT)-enabled technology in personalized healthcare is still significantly impeded by the need for costeffective and wearing-comfort biomedical devices to continuously provide real-time patient-generated health data. Over the past several decades, significant advances in wearable pressure sensors have been observed, allowing them to noninvasively and continuously detect human physiological and pathological signals. [22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30][31][32][33][34][35] These biomedical metrics can then be used to evaluate cardiovascular conditions, providing a personalized health care system with better health outcomes, increased user-friendliness, greater quality, and cost-effectiveness that are essential to reducing CVD incidence and mortality. [36][37][38][39] Pulse waves are prominent component of human physiological signaling and involve abundant human-health information that can reveal individual conditions, including heart problems (such as arrhythmia), blood pressure, vascular aging, exercise, medication, and sleep status. [40][41][42][43][44][45] Although physical symptoms are often elusively observed in their early stages, they can be diagnosed through subtle pulsewave changes. Preventive action of CVDs can be taken by differentiating the variance of pulse waveforms with consideration of participants' age, gender, weight, and daily diet. [46][47][48][49] Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) has proposed empirical approaches to analyze human physical state from pulse waves, rendering pulse wave surveillance unavoidable for TCM. [50,51] TCM is unable to continuously monitor pulse waves, limiting the accuracy of the assessment results. As such, empirical diagnostic methods may profoundly depend on the experiences of the practitioner, the emotions of the participant, and the external environment, resulting in the administration of distorted or problematic treatment. [52] Additionally, the diagnostic results among practitioners are Cardiovascular diseases remain the leading cause of death worldwide. The rapid development of flexible sensing technologies and wearable pressure sensors have attracted keen research interest and have been widely used for longterm and real-time cardiovascular status monitoring. Owing to compelling characteristics, including light weight, wearing comfort, and high sensitivity to pulse pressures, physiological pulse ...

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Section: Pulse Pressure Sensing Mechanismmentioning

confidence: 99%

Wearable Pressure Sensors for Pulse Wave Monitoring

et al. 2022

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“…Oxygenated hemoglobin and deoxygenated hemoglobin absorb light of different wavelengths in a specific way. The wavelength of light is very short: the unit of measurement is the nanometer, the wavelength of red light being around 650 nm, and the wavelength of infrared light being around 950 nm [35,36].…”

Section: Wearable Medical Sensors For Detecting Blood Oxygen Saturationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Wearable Sensors for Vital Signs Measurement: A Survey

2022

JSAN

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With the outbreak of coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) worldwide, developments in the medical field have aroused concerns within society. As science and technology develop, wearable medical sensors have become the main means of medical data acquisition. To analyze the intelligent development status of wearable medical sensors, the current work classifies and prospects the application status and functions of wireless communication wearable medical sensors, based on human physiological data acquisition in the medical field. By understanding its working principles, data acquisition modes and action modes, the work chiefly analyzes the application of wearable medical sensors in vascular infarction, respiratory intensity, body temperature, blood oxygen concentration, and sleep detection, and reflects the key role of wearable medical sensors in human physiological data acquisition. Further exploration and prospecting are made by investigating the improvement of information security performance of wearable medical sensors, the improvement of biological adaptability and biodegradability of new materials, and the integration of wearable medical sensors and intelligence-assisted rehabilitation. The research expects to provide a reference for the intelligent development of wearable medical sensors and real-time monitoring of human health in the follow-up medical field.

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“…The QRS complex, which consists of a negative Q-wave, a large positive R-wave, and a negative S-wave, represents ventricular depolarization and ventricular contraction. The T-wave represents ventricular repolarization and ventricular diastole [24]. Distortion of these waves can indicate abnormalities in the heart rhythm [25].…”

Section: Mechanics Of Ecgmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent Advances in Materials and Flexible Sensors for Arrhythmia Detection

2022

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Arrhythmias are one of the leading causes of death in the United States, and their early detection is essential for patient wellness. However, traditional arrhythmia diagnosis by expert evaluation from intermittent clinical examinations is time-consuming and often lacks quantitative data. Modern wearable sensors and machine learning algorithms have attempted to alleviate this problem by providing continuous monitoring and real-time arrhythmia detection. However, current devices are still largely limited by the fundamental mismatch between skin and sensor, giving way to motion artifacts. Additionally, the desirable qualities of flexibility, robustness, breathability, adhesiveness, stretchability, and durability cannot all be met at once. Flexible sensors have improved upon the current clinical arrhythmia detection methods by following the topography of skin and reducing the natural interface mismatch between cardiac monitoring sensors and human skin. Flexible bioelectric, optoelectronic, ultrasonic, and mechanoelectrical sensors have been demonstrated to provide essential information about heart-rate variability, which is crucial in detecting and classifying arrhythmias. In this review, we analyze the current trends in flexible wearable sensors for cardiac monitoring and the efficacy of these devices for arrhythmia detection.

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Flexible Wearable Sensors for Cardiovascular Health Monitoring

Cited by 260 publications

References 228 publications

Wearable Pressure Sensors for Pulse Wave Monitoring

Wearable Pressure Sensors for Pulse Wave Monitoring

Wearable Sensors for Vital Signs Measurement: A Survey

Recent Advances in Materials and Flexible Sensors for Arrhythmia Detection

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