Flexible Work and Female Labour: The Global Integration of Chilean Fruit Production

Barrientos, Stephanie

doi:10.1007/978-1-349-13992-7_8

Cited by 6 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…sought fruit employment during the season. For the first time large numbers of women entered agricultural employment as independent wage earners.3 Liberalisation of the labour market which removed most employment protection, and low real wages facilitated a low cost labour force, which was one of the 'comparative advantages' of Chilean fruit exports (Barrientos, 1996;Vogel, 1995).…”

Section: Export Specialisation and The Integration Of Female Labour Imentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, there is a high degree of regional concentration in fruit production. Three regions, the Vth, VIth and Metropolitan Regions, account for 75 per cent of total exports, and approximately 78 per cent of total fruit employment (Barrientos, 1996). Monocultivation, especially within these regions, has greatly intensified the demand for agricultural labour at the Female labour 73 height of the season.…”

Section: Export Specialisation and The Integration Of Female Labour Imentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Female employment tends to be concentrated in pruning and especially packing which takes place at the peak ofproduction, and is for a shorter duration than male temporary employment (Venegas, 1992a). Women also tend to have less stable employment, greater variability of hours, and more flexible pay which in packing is based on piecework (Barrientos, 1996). Women of all working ages are drawn into the labour force to meet the surge in demand at the height of the season.…”

Section: Export Specialisation and The Integration Of Female Labour Imentioning

confidence: 99%

“…One method of estimating the size of the fruit labour force is based on a calculation of the labour requirements of fruit production per hectare of land.' Using this method I have estimated both permanent and temporary fruit employment for the period 199221993 (Barrientos, 1996). A total of 287,440 temporary workers (male and female) were calculated to have been employed in the fields and packing in the 1992-1993 season (excluding ancillary and transport workers).…”

Section: Estimating Female Fruit Labour ~ the Hidden Ingredientmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Hidden Ingredient: Female Labour in Chilean Fruit Exports

Barrientos

1997

Bull Latin American Res

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— The Chilean fruit export sector has expanded rapidly over the past decade. A large army of female temporary workers is recruited annually to work in the fruit export sector, playing a key role in the preparation of high quality off‐season fruit for northern markets. Despite their annual employment in a modern export sector, these temporary workers remain a marginalised force in Chile, reflected in the significant underestimation of the female agricultural labour force. This paper examines the reasons for their marginalisation. the gender segmentation of the temporary fruit labour market, and considers the potential effect of increased international competition on the employment of female temporary labour.

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Section: Export Specialisation and The Integration Of Female Labour Imentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Export Specialisation and The Integration Of Female Labour Imentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Export Specialisation and The Integration Of Female Labour Imentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Estimating Female Fruit Labour ~ the Hidden Ingredientmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

The Hidden Ingredient: Female Labour in Chilean Fruit Exports

Barrientos

1997

Bull Latin American Res

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“…They do also work in the fields where there is a much less marked gendered labour market. There are no precise figures for the numbers of women employed, but estimates put the figure at about 150 000 or approximately half of the total temporary agricultural labour force (Barrientos, 1996).…”

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confidence: 99%

Globalization, grapes and gender: Women's work in traditional and agro‐export production in northern Chile

Bee

2000

Geographical Journal

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Recent changes in the global political economy have had dramatic effects on the lives of women as they are incorporated into globalization processes, such as the expansion of agribusiness, in often marginal and unstable ways. However, it is vital to consider how these globalization processes are mediated by women in ways that reflect local geo‐historical contexts. This paper explores the expansion of the fruit export sector, land tenure, community organization and female employment in agriculture in northern Chile. Agro‐export production has marginalized but not destroyed the small‐scale farming sector and large‐scale export farms co‐exist with small‐scale domestically‐orientated farms. Female labour has been very important in the success of fresh fruit exports and many rural women negotiate both waged work in the fruit export economy and unwaged work on family farms. The paper explores the women's perceptions of agricultural work and how these relate to their identities as unpaid workers on the family farm and as waged workers in the agro‐export sector. The paper thus attempts to explore the multiplicity of ways that women experience rapid changes in the agrarian sector and how these changes relate to the maintenance of more ‘traditional’practices and identities.

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The hidden ingredient: Female labour in Chilean fruit exports

Barrientos

1997

Bulletin of Latin American Research

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Flexible Work and Female Labour: The Global Integration of Chilean Fruit Production

Cited by 6 publications

References 4 publications

The Hidden Ingredient: Female Labour in Chilean Fruit Exports

The Hidden Ingredient: Female Labour in Chilean Fruit Exports

Globalization, grapes and gender: Women's work in traditional and agro‐export production in northern Chile

The hidden ingredient: Female labour in Chilean fruit exports

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