“…Aggregation behaviors in groups of autonomous agents have been achieved using various paradigms, including Finite State Machines (FSMs) (Feola, Sion, Trianni, Reina, & Tuci, 2023;Firat, Ferrante, Gillet, & Tuci, 2020;Katada, 2018), novelty search (Gomes, Urbano, & Christensen, 2013;Hasselmann, Ligot, & Birattari, 2023) and flocking-based methods (Misir & Gökrem, 2021). However, one of the most widespread techniques involves the use of evolutionary algorithms (Bahgeçi & Sahin, 2005;Pagliuca & Vitanza, 2022, 2023aTrianni et al, 2003).…”