Floods and flood management and its socio-economic impact on Pakistan: A review of the empirical literature

Manzoor, Zaira; Ehsan, Muhsan; Khan, Muhammad Bashir; Manzoor, Aqsa; Akhter, Malik Muhammad; Sohail, Muhammad Tayyab; Hussain, Asrar; Shafi, Ahsan; Abu-Alam, Tamer; Abioui, Mohamed

doi:10.3389/fenvs.2022.1021862

Cited by 53 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 39 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…However, modeling is not easy, with changing future catchment characteristics in developing countries due to unstable development policies being in place. Manzoor et al [29] propose numerous suggestions for efficient and sustainable flood control in Pakistan that can be used for South Asian countries such as India, Sri Lanka, and Bangladesh.…”

Section: Floods and Climate Changementioning

confidence: 99%

“…According to Kronstadt, [28] heavy monsoon rainfall connected with the low depressions originating over the Bay of Bengal and moving west/northwest through India is the main cause of the floods in Pakistan. As a result, heavy rainfall in different regions of Pakistan during the monsoon season (July to September) caused severe floods in the Indus River Basin [29]. According to Dewan [30], flash floods are the most common in Bangladesh due to heavy rainfall in the hilly areas of the rivers and resulting streamflows, poor drainage, and storm surges that create flooding in the flood plains of major rivers and coastal regions.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Hydro-Meteorological Characteristics of the 1973 Catastrophic Flood in the Mahi Basin, India

Pawar¹,

Hire²,

Sarukkalige

et al. 2023

Water

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The September 1973 flood in the Mahi Basin was one of the most catastrophic and widespread in the 20th century. However, the hydro-meteorological characteristics of the 1973 flood were not studied. Therefore, an attempt has been made to analyze the meteorological and hydrological processes that led to the 1973 flood. Accordingly, daily rainfall data, river discharge, and cross-section data were obtained for the analysis. The 1973 flood was associated with very heavy rainfall resulting from two successive low-pressure systems (LPS) from 26 to 31 August 1973 and 2 to 5 September 1973. The rainfall variability in the Mahi Basin was 24% (annual) and 25% (monsoon) in 1973. The analysis showed that out of 69 rainfall stations, 13 stations received 100% rainfall in the monsoon season in 1973. Under the influence of the second LPS (7 and 9 September 1973), 21 rain gauge stations recorded very heavy rainfall (124.5–244.4 mm) on 8 September. As a result, the maximum discharge of the Mahi River (40,663 m3/s) was observed at Wanakbori on 9 September. The flood hydrograph denoted two flood peaks of 28,125 m3/s and 33,097 m3/s magnitudes resulting from LPS at Kadana. A newly constructed bridge (in 1972) on the Mahi River at the Kailashpuri village washed out due to a large discharge of 21,553 m3/s magnitude on 7 September 1973. The hydro-meteorological analysis of the 1973 flood specified the significance of the LPS in a flash flood disaster in the Mahi Basin. This study will benefit hydrologists and civil engineers creating design floods for the construction of the hydraulic structures in the Mahi Basin, and will help to avoid any future catastrophic floods.

show abstract

Section: Floods and Climate Changementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hydro-Meteorological Characteristics of the 1973 Catastrophic Flood in the Mahi Basin, India

Pawar¹,

Hire²,

Sarukkalige

et al. 2023

Water

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The literature stressed that finding unified development solutions for consistent advancement on social, ecological, and economic dimensions is still in the early stages (Manzoor, et al, 2022). Since Pakistan's rapid flood episodes have altered the environment, coordinated efforts at all levels of national planning are needed (Hillier and Nightingale, 2013;Sayed and González, 2014).…”

Section: Consequences Of Water Shortage and Flooding On Agriculturementioning

confidence: 99%

Climate Change and Water Crisis, Consequences on Agriculture and Hydrological Justice: Case Study of Pakistan

Bajwa¹

2023

pjia

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Hydrologic justice is necessary in the current time of climate change deteriorating effects. This thesis examines the impacts of climate change on Pakistan's hydrological system and agriculture sector and evaluates the government and stakeholder response to such impacts, with a focus on the water crisis and its implications for hydrological justice. The study uses qualitative research methods to analyse the data collected from various sources, including interviews, and observation. The findings of the research indicate that climate change has led to a reduction in water availability, which has had a significant impact on Pakistan's agriculture sector, particularly small-scale farmers. The frequency of extreme weather events such as droughts and floods has also exacerbated the water crisis, leading to inequitable distribution and access to water resources. The study highlights the importance of hydrological justice in addressing the water crisis in Pakistan. The government, policymakers, and stakeholders must prioritize the needs of vulnerable communities and ensure equitable distribution of water resources. Additionally, promoting sustainable agriculture practices and investing in climate-resilient infrastructure can help reduce the impacts of climate change on Pakistan's hydrological system and agriculture sector. Overall, the study emphasizes the urgent need for a comprehensive approach to address the water crisis in Pakistan and pursue hydrological justice. The research findings provide valuable insights for policymakers, practitioners, and academics interested in climate change, hydrology, agriculture, and environmental justice.

show abstract

“…Water resources management and related risks are increasingly becoming an important concern of contemporary society (Ebodé et Ebodé et al, 2024c). Among the wide range of existing hydrological risks, ooding appears to be one of the most devastating, considering the enormous damage it often causes (Samanta et al, 2018;Krisnayanti et al 2022;Ekwueme, 2022;Manzoor et al, 2022). Between the 1990s and 2010s, oods caused the deaths of more than 158,000 people around the world (CRED, 2018).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Flood susceptibility mapping in the Tongo Bassa watershed through GIS, remote sensing and frequency ratio model

Ebodé

2024

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Flooding constitutes a major problem for the inhabitants of Douala City in general and those of the Tongo Bassa watershed (TBW) in particular. Faced with this situation, public authorities need to put in place measures to mitigate the vulnerability of populations to these disasters. This article aims to map flooding risk areas in the TBW using geographic information system (GIS), field data (historical flood points), remote sensing data (Sentinel II image) and frequency ratio (FR) model. Six independent variables linked to floods were considered (land use and land cover patterns, altitudes, slopes, drainage densities, distances from watercourses and soil types). The map of land use patterns was obtained following the supervised classification of a Landsat 8 image using ENVI 5.2 software. The other five (05) variables were automatically generated from a digital terrain model using ArcGIS 10.2 software. The map produced shows that 1.41%, 8.88%, 28.51%, 33.86% and 27.33% of the basin area are respectively delimited into very low, low, medium, high and very high flood vulnerability classes. High and very high flooding risk areas (those where flooding is most likely to occur) occupy more than half of the basin (61.19%). These areas are characterized by significant imperviousness, low altitudes, weak slopes, significant proximity to watercourses and clayey soils. Most of the houses in the basin (66.92%) are located in areas affected by these two levels of exposure (high and very high). With respective success and prediction accuracy rates of 89% and 96.78%, a certain confidence deserves to be placed on the map of flooding risk areas produced. The results of this study could serve as decision-support tools in the context of the various developments undertaken by the public authorities, to fight against flooding in this basin.

show abstract

Floods and flood management and its socio-economic impact on Pakistan: A review of the empirical literature

Cited by 53 publications

References 39 publications

Hydro-Meteorological Characteristics of the 1973 Catastrophic Flood in the Mahi Basin, India

Hydro-Meteorological Characteristics of the 1973 Catastrophic Flood in the Mahi Basin, India

Climate Change and Water Crisis, Consequences on Agriculture and Hydrological Justice: Case Study of Pakistan

Flood susceptibility mapping in the Tongo Bassa watershed through GIS, remote sensing and frequency ratio model

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About