Flora in abandoned fields and adjacent crop fields on rendzina soils in the Zamość region

Abstract

A floristic inventory of segetal flora was carried out in abandoned fields and adjacent crop fields on rendzina soils in the Zamość region in the year 2010. This study found a total of 130 weed species belonging to 30 botanical families. The following families were represented most frequently: Asteraceae, Fabaceae, Poaceae, Lamiaceae, Scrophulariaceae, and Brassicaceae. In the segetal flora, apophytes are dominant (55% of the total flora), with the highest number of meadow and xerothermic grassland species among them. Archeophytes (38%) predominate in the group of anthropophytes. The species characterized by the highest constancy classes and reaching the highest cover indices posed the greatest threat to crops in the study area. The following weeds are most frequently found in fallow fields: <em>Consolida regalis</em>, <em>Cichorium intybus</em>, and <em>Sinapis arvensis</em>, while <em>Papaver rhoeas</em> is the greatest threat to cereal crops grown on rendzina soils.

Importance of the Buffer Zone of the Water Intake for the Maintenance of Agrosystem Phytodiversity

“…Asteraceae (16%), Poaceae and Fabaceae (12% each), as well as Rosaceae were most abundantly represented. Research after 15 years showed no significant differences in the floristic composition A similar share of species within the largest syntaxonomic groups was shown by Ziemińska-Smyk et al (2015) in the segetal flora of rendzine soil near Zamość. These authors have noted 130 species, belonging to 30 families, of which the most represented were Asteraceae, Fabaceae, Poaceae, Lamiaceae, Scrophulariaceae and Brassicaceae.…”

“…The high values (generally exceeding 90%) of the sustainability rate of the total flora testify to relative stability of the floristic composition of communities of long-term fallows. Following the rapid invasion on Zamość fallow rendzine soil, such segetal species as Consolida regalis, Cichorium intybus, Sinapis arvensis, and Papaver rhoeas, were defined as threatening to the biodiversity (Ziemińska-Smyk et al, 2015). In the studied area, due to the occupied area, 49 species showed the most dynamic trends -as strongly expansive individuals.…”

“…This vegetation is one of the components most strongly related to all elements of the natural environment, that is why it is so frequently used to study the structure and the functioning of the whole environment (Roo-Zielinska et al, 2011). The phytodiversity of fallow land depends on many factors: soil type, degree of anthropopressure, the time of fallowing (Żarczyński et al, 2008;Ziemińska-Smyk et al, 2015). The species composition can serve to assess the degree of habitat synanthropization with the use of such anthropogenic indicators, as naturalness of flora, synanthropization, apophytization, archeophytization, and kenophytization.…”