Floral colleters in Pleurothallidinae (Epidendroideae: Orchidaceae)

Cardoso‐Gustavson, Poliana; Campbell, Lisa M.; Mazzoni-Viveiros, Solange Cristina; Barros, Fábio de

doi:10.3732/ajb.1400012

Cited by 31 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…M.W.Chase & N.H.Williams and Cardoso‐Gustavson et al . () for Pleurothallidinae orchids. Mucilage that contains antimicrobial substances can also protect against the proliferation of fungi and microorganisms.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pollination ecology of two species of Elleanthus (Orchidaceae): novel mechanisms and underlying adaptations to hummingbird pollination

et al. 2015

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Relationships among floral biology, floral micromorphology and pollinator behaviour in bird-pollinated orchids are important issues to understand the evolution of the huge flower diversity within Orchidaceae. We aimed to investigate floral mechanisms underlying the interaction with pollinators in two hummingbird-pollinated orchids occurring in the Atlantic forest. We assessed floral biology, nectar traits, nectary and column micromorphologies, breeding systems and pollinators. In both species, nectar is secreted by lip calli through spaces between the medial lamellar surfaces of epidermal cells. Such a form of floral nectar secretion has not been previously described. Both species present functional protandry and are self-compatible yet pollinator-dependent. Fruit set in hand-pollination experiments was more than twice that under natural conditions, evidencing pollen limitation. The absence of fruit set in interspecific crosses suggests the existence of post-pollination barriers between these sympatric co-flowering species. In Elleanthus brasiliensis, fruits resulting from cross-pollination and natural conditions were heavier than those resulting from self-pollination, suggesting advantages to cross-pollination. Hummingbirds pollinated both species, which share at least one pollinator species. Species differences in floral morphologies led to distinct pollination mechanisms. In E. brasiliensis, attachment of pollinarium to the hummingbird bill occurs through a lever apparatus formed by an appendage in the column, another novelty to our knowledge of orchid pollination. In E. crinipes, pollinarium attachment occurs by simple contact with the bill during insertion into the flower tube, which fits tightly around it. The novelties described here illustrate the overlooked richness in ecology and morphophysiology in Orchidaceae.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pollination ecology of two species of Elleanthus (Orchidaceae): novel mechanisms and underlying adaptations to hummingbird pollination

et al. 2015

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“…The definition of colleters is confusing due to the plasticity in their structure and localisation. Colleters show varying morphologies, occur on developing vegetative or reproductive organs, may be vascularised or not and secrete mucilage, usually ceasing their activity as the plant ages (Fahn 1974;Leitão and Cortelazzo 2008;Mayer et al 2011Mayer et al , 2013Cardoso-Gustavson et al 2014). The exudate secreted is viscous and mainly composed of polysaccharides, but may also contain fractions of proteins, lipids and terpenes (Fahn 1974;Miguel et al 2009;Leitão and Cortelazzo 2008;Mayer et al 2011Mayer et al , 2013Cardoso-Gustavson et al 2014).…”

Section: Floral Secretory Trichomes As Colletersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Floral anatomy and development of Saxofridericia aculeata (Rapateaceae) and its taxonomic and phylogenetic significance

Ferrari

Oriani

2016

Plant Syst Evol

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Floral anatomy and development of Saxofridericia aculeata Körn was studied in a comparative approach to contribute to the understanding of the family. Flowers at different developmental stages were analysed with light and scanning electron microscopy, and the nature of the exudate secreted by the floral trichomes was investigated by histochemical tests. The anatomical characteristics observed in S. aculeata flowers were compared with those from other Rapateaceae species by a cluster analysis (UPGMA). The dendrogram generated reflects the groupings that emerged in phylogenetic molecular analyses, highlighting the usefulness of floral anatomy for taxonomy and for the understanding of infrafamilial relationships. The exudate secreted by the trichomes has a polysaccharidic composition. Such trichomes (colleters) occur in the sepals, petals, filaments and around the gynoecium; they are initiated at mid-stage of floral development and are an apomorphy of the family. The flowers are pentacyclic, presenting three initially free sepals, petals, stamens and carpels that mature in a centripetal order. The connate portion of the corolla, which is also adnate to the stamens, has a late development by zonal growth. Gynoecium formation is a combination of postgenital and congenital fusion processes. Data on floral organogenesis of Rapateaceae are first reported here and support the early diverging position of the family in Poales, close to Bromeliaceae.Keywords Cluster analysis Á Colleter Á Monotremoideae Á Postgenital intercarpellary fusion Á Rapateoideae Á

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“…Plant Evo‐Devo : Traditional techniques for chemical or morphological analyses have been successfully combined with computational methods in ancestral character estimation to investigate the evolution of plant defenses (Karinho‐Betancourt et al., ), tree architecture (Rosell et al., ), floral diversification (Gonzalez and Rudall, ; Pozner et al., ; Bull‐Herenu and Classen‐Bockhoff, ; Cardoso‐Gustavson et al., ; Paulino et al., ; Almeida et al., , b), vascular variants (Pace et al., , ), and seed anatomy (Sousa‐Baena and de Menezes, ). On the other hand, many of the molecular techniques developed in the model plant A. thaliana are now being used on a broader comparative framework to assess functional evolution of gene lineages.…”

Section: A Selection Of Evo‐devo Topics Currently Addressed By Latin mentioning

confidence: 99%

Evolutionary Developmental Biology (Evo‐Devo) Research in Latin America

et al. 2016

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Famous for its blind cavefish and Darwin's finches, Latin America is home to some of the richest biodiversity hotspots of our planet. The Latin American fauna and flora inspired and captivated naturalists from the nineteenth and twentieth centuries, including such notable pioneers such as Fritz Müller, Florentino Ameghino, and Léon Croizat who made a significant contribution to the study of embryology and evolutionary thinking. But, what are the historical and present contributions of the Latin American scientific community to Evo-Devo? Here, we provide the first comprehensive overview of the Evo-Devo laboratories based in Latin America and describe current lines of research based on endemic species, focusing on body plans and patterning, systematics, physiology, computational modeling approaches, ecology, and domestication. Literature searches reveal that Evo-Devo in Latin America is still in its early days; while showing encouraging indicators of productivity, it has not stabilized yet, because it relies on few and sparsely distributed laboratories. Coping with the rapid changes in national scientific policies and contributing to solve social and health issues specific to each region are among the main challenges faced by Latin American researchers. The 2015 inaugural meeting of the Pan-American Society for Evolutionary Developmental Biology played a pivotal role in bringing together Latin American researchers eager to initiate and consolidate regional and worldwide collaborative networks. Such networks will undoubtedly advance research on the extremely high genetic and phenotypic biodiversity of Latin America, bound to be an almost infinite source of amazement and fascinating findings for the Evo-Devo community.

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Floral colleters in Pleurothallidinae (Epidendroideae: Orchidaceae)

Cited by 31 publications

References 37 publications

Pollination ecology of two species of Elleanthus (Orchidaceae): novel mechanisms and underlying adaptations to hummingbird pollination

Pollination ecology of two species of Elleanthus (Orchidaceae): novel mechanisms and underlying adaptations to hummingbird pollination

Floral anatomy and development of Saxofridericia aculeata (Rapateaceae) and its taxonomic and phylogenetic significance

Evolutionary Developmental Biology (Evo‐Devo) Research in Latin America

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