Floral Initiation in Biloxi Soybean as Influenced by Grafting

Heinze, Peter; Parker, M. W.; Borthwick, H. A.

doi:10.1086/335066

Cited by 41 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…Second, leaves provide information that evokes flowering in photoperiodic plants grown in inductive condition. Third, leaves of other day-neutral plants have been shown to be the sou rce of a flowerinducing signal in grafts with photoperiodic varieties, such as in soybean (Heinze et aL, 1942), or in grafts between early-and late-flowering varieties of tobacco (McDaniel et al, 1996). Floral determination was clearly detected in shoot apices with as few as four leaf primordia; however, a significantly larger proportion of cultured shoot meristems were determined when six primordia were present.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Regulation of extent of vegetative development of the maize shoot meristem

Irish¹,

Jegla²

1997

The Plant Journal

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SummaryIn maize plants (Zea mays L.}, the extent of vegetative development in the shoot is precisely regulated such that the apical meristem produces a predictable number of leaves before converting to tassel development. In previous experiments using shoot apex culture, we showed that the developmental program that limits vegetative development in maize is not intrinsic to the shoot apical meristem. Rather, the meristem receives information from elsewhere in the plant and responds by either continuing leaf initiation or becoming determined for determinate growth and forming an inflorescence, the tassel, Here we examine leaf primordia as potential sources for that information using shoot apex culture. Our results show that the presence of the four to six youngest leaf primordia on the shoot apex is sufficient to provide such information. 1"he ability to reset shoot development by meristem culture also allows us to examine the basis for expression of a specific phenotype at a particular developmental stage. We found that the mutation hcf106, which is typically expressed only during seedling stages, is not re-expressed when the shoot morphogically has regained a juvenile phase.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Regulation of extent of vegetative development of the maize shoot meristem

Irish¹,

Jegla²

1997

The Plant Journal

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“…Nonetheless, termination of shoot growth does seem to be related to reproductive development, for in the absence of a flower-inducing photoperiod, a short day-requiring variety (Biloxi) can grow to enormous size, more than 7 m high (Nooden 19S0a). Despite this relationship to flowering, the "shoot growth-terminating infiuence" need not be identical with florigen, which is more mobile within the plant (Heinze et al 1942, L. D. Nooden, unpublished data 1978. Although root growth generally ceases during early reproductive development, this varies greatly (see Shibles et al 1975, Barber 1978, Hicks 1978.…”

Section: A Cessation Of Vegetative Growthmentioning

confidence: 99%

Integration of soybean pod development and monocarpic senescence

Noodén

1984

Physiologia Plantarum

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“…The florigen theory was fortified by the demonstration of the graft transmissibility of the floral stimulus (31), even by single leaves (73), as long as tissue union occurred (162). Despite the availability of adequate bioassays and the induction and inhibition of flowering by selected chemical probes, florigen has thus far eluded extraction and identification.…”

Section: Tirelymentioning

confidence: 99%

Plant Photobiology in the Last Half-Century

Galston

1974

Plant Physiol.

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The absorption of light energy not only nourishes the plant through photosynthetic phosphorylation and concomitant carbon dioxide fixation, but it also determines the nature and the direction of plant growth. This review will summarize the major advances in the physiology of both of the latter processes over the last half-century. Because of severe limitations of space, only a few key concepts can be mentioned, let alone emphasized, and some fields, like algal phototaxis, must be omitted entirely.Although there was certainly provocative earlier work by Klebs and others (100) (49,144). Although a definite conclusion cannot yet be made, the bulk of recent evidence favors the flavin hypothesis. I shall try to summarize this evidence and certain other aspects of the physiology of phototropism as well. Although experimentation in phototropism has been relatively quiescent for about 20 years, recent developments provide encouragement for new insights into this process.Some methodological problems are unique to this kind of biology. Decisions about photoreceptor pigments depend on correlations between action spectra for the process and absorption spectra for the pigment (10,160). Light, to be effective, must first be absorbed, and in energy ranges where photon absorption limits the rate or extent of a process, there should be rough correspondence between regions of the spectrum that are most active in eliciting a process and regions of high light absorption by the pigment. One cannot push these coincidences too far, however, because other pigments can act as light screens, differential refraction of different wavelengths inside the tissue can produce distortion in relative actinic effectiveness, attachment of pigments to different proteins can 1 Dedicated to the memory of Harry A. Borthwick, a wise and compassionate man. Generous support from the National Science Foundation has made possible the author's active involvement in this field for more than 20 years. alter their absorption properties in different ways, resonance transfer of energy between pigments or unequal quantum efficiencies at different wavelengths can alter curves, and dichroic orientation of a pigment in a lamella may produce aberrant or unrepresentative values. Despite these caveats, action spectra remain the major method for inferring the nature of the photoreceptor (130,131).Action spectra are prepared by doing dose-response energy experiments at each of the wavelengths employed. From such data, provided that the reciprocity law holds, one can calculate the energy required to produce a standard effect, e.g. 50% promotion of seed germination. When corrected for the different energy of quanta in the different portions of the spectrum and transformed to reciprocal values, these data tell us the relative effectiveness of quanta in producing the observed physiological effect. A plot of this parameter against wavelength gives the standard action spectrum.Deducing the nature of the photoreceptor pigment is only the first step along the difficult road of ...

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Floral Initiation in Biloxi Soybean as Influenced by Grafting

Cited by 41 publications

References 3 publications

Regulation of extent of vegetative development of the maize shoot meristem

Regulation of extent of vegetative development of the maize shoot meristem

Integration of soybean pod development and monocarpic senescence

Plant Photobiology in the Last Half-Century

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