Floridean Starch

Meeuse, B. J. D.; Andries, Meijerink; Wood, J.A.

doi:10.1093/jxb/11.2.129

Cited by 41 publications

(14 citation statements)

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“…Since glucose and xylose may be structural units of floridean starch (Meeuse, Andries, & Wood, 1960) and xylan (Craigie, 1990), respectively, ion exchange chromatography of the total polysaccharide was carried out on a column DEAE-cellulose to isolate these monosaccharides from the main galactan. As a result, six fractions of polysaccharides were obtained, and two fractions had maximal yields (23.5 and 20.1%).…”

Section: Extraction and Analysis Of Total Polysaccharidesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Structural analysis and cytokine-induced activity of gelling sulfated polysaccharide from the cystocarpic plants of Ahnfeltiopsis flabelliformis

Kravchenko

Anastyuk

Sokolova

et al. 2016

Carbohydrate Polymers

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Section: Extraction and Analysis Of Total Polysaccharidesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Structural analysis and cytokine-induced activity of gelling sulfated polysaccharide from the cystocarpic plants of Ahnfeltiopsis flabelliformis

Kravchenko

Anastyuk

Sokolova

et al. 2016

Carbohydrate Polymers

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“…and Cyanidium sp. which have probably reverted from starch to glycogen synthesis (Hirabaru et al 2010;Stadnichuk et al 2007), most of the photosynthetic carbon is deposited in the cytosol of red alga as amylose-free starch granules called "floridean" starch (Borowitza 1978;Meeuse et al 1960;Meeuse and Kreger 1954). Nevertheless, the absence of amylose fraction does not appear to define a universal feature of floridean starch.…”

Section: Starch Metabolism and Structure In Rhodophyceaementioning

confidence: 99%

The Transition from Glycogen to Starch Metabolism in Cyanobacteria and Eukaryotes

Ball

Colleoni

Arias

2015

Starch

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'-1,4-linked glucan chains branched through '-1,6 glucosidic lineages define the most frequently found storage polysaccharides in living cells. These glucans come in two very distinct forms known as glycogen and starch. The small water-soluble glycogen particles distribute widely in Archaea, Bacteria, and heterotrophic eukaryotes, while semicrystalline solid starch seems to be restricted to photosynthetic eukaryotes. This review focusses on the so-called glycosylnucleotide-dependent pathway of starch and glycogen synthesis. Through comparative biochemistry of storage polysaccharide metabolism in distinct clades, we will review the evidence sustaining that starch has evolved from preexisting glycogen metabolism several times during the evolution of photosynthetic eukaryotes and cyanobacteria. This review will also describe the possible function of storage polysaccharide metabolism in establishing metabolic symbiosis during plastid endosymbiosis. We will detail the evidence sustaining that storage polysaccharide metabolism was used by three distinct organisms to establish a tripartite symbiosis that facilitated metabolic integration of free-living cyanobacteria into evolving organelles.

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“…floridean starch biosynthesis) is confined to the cytosol. It differs from that of the green plant lineage because UDP-Glc serves as the principle precursor and because no amylose is present in floridean starch (Meeuse and Kreger, 1954;Meeuse, 1960;Nagashima et al, 1971;Viola et al, 2001). While earlier studies indicated that C. merolae would contain phytoglycogen, whereas G. sulphuraria would use floridean starch as storage glucan (Seckbach, 1994), recent analysis revealed that both algae synthesize semicrystalline floridean starch (Coppin et al, 2005).…”

Section: Biosynthesis and Breakdown Of Polyglucansmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparative Genomics of Two Closely Related Unicellular Thermo-Acidophilic Red Algae, Galdieria sulphuraria and Cyanidioschyzon merolae, Reveals the Molecular Basis of the Metabolic Flexibility of Galdieria sulphuraria and Significant Differences in Carbohydrate Metabolism of Both Algae

et al. 2005

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Unicellular algae serve as models for the study and discovery of metabolic pathways, for the functional dissection of cell biological processes such as organellar division and cell motility, and for the identification of novel genes and gene functions. The recent completion of several algal genome sequences and expressed sequence tag collections and the establishment of nuclear and organellar transformation methods has opened the way for functional genomics approaches using algal model systems. The thermo-acidophilic unicellular red alga Galdieria sulphuraria represents a particularly interesting species for a genomics approach owing to its extraordinary metabolic versatility such as heterotrophic and mixotrophic growth on more than 50 different carbon sources and its adaptation to hot acidic environments. However, the ab initio prediction of genes required for unknown metabolic pathways from genome sequences is not trivial. A compelling strategy for gene identification is the comparison of similarly sized genomes of related organisms with different physiologies. Using this approach, candidate genes were identified that are critical to the metabolic versatility of Galdieria. Expressed sequence tags and high-throughput genomic sequence reads covering .70% of the G. sulphuraria genome were compared to the genome of the unicellular, obligate photoautotrophic red alga Cyanidioschyzon merolae. More than 30% of the Galdieria sequences did not relate to any of the Cyanidioschyzon genes. A closer inspection of these sequences revealed a large number of membrane transporters and enzymes of carbohydrate metabolism that are unique to Galdieria. Based on these data, it is proposed that genes involved in the uptake of reduced carbon compounds and enzymes involved in their metabolism are crucial to the metabolic flexibility of G. sulphuraria.

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Floridean Starch

Cited by 41 publications

References 0 publications

Structural analysis and cytokine-induced activity of gelling sulfated polysaccharide from the cystocarpic plants of Ahnfeltiopsis flabelliformis

Structural analysis and cytokine-induced activity of gelling sulfated polysaccharide from the cystocarpic plants of Ahnfeltiopsis flabelliformis

The Transition from Glycogen to Starch Metabolism in Cyanobacteria and Eukaryotes

Comparative Genomics of Two Closely Related Unicellular Thermo-Acidophilic Red Algae, Galdieria sulphuraria and Cyanidioschyzon merolae, Reveals the Molecular Basis of the Metabolic Flexibility of Galdieria sulphuraria and Significant Differences in Carbohydrate Metabolism of Both Algae

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