Flourensia fiebrigii S.F. Blake in combination with Lactobacillus paracasei subsp. paracasei CE75. A novel anti-pathogenic and detoxifying strategy

Novel Lactic Acid Bacteria Strains from Regional Peppers with Health-Promoting Potential

“…This first stage is controlled by complex combinations of the physicochemical interactions between the cell membrane and the material surface [48,49]. In fact, the observed effects on the biofilm biomass after only one hour of incubation did not depend on bacterial growth inhibition but rather on non-stick effects, and these results agree with previous works that demonstrated antibiofilm effects exclusively due to Lactobacillus anti-adhesive properties [20,43,50,51]. Indeed, Gudiña et al ( 2010) observed an anti-adhesive activity of the crude biosurfactant isolated from L. paracasei subsp.…”

“…The findings found in this work are consistent with the results obtained by Verni et al (2022), which revealed an emulsifying activity of the Lactobacillus paracasei subsp. paracasei CE75 supernatant similar to the Lactobacillus crispatus BC1 ′ biosurfactant [20,47].…”

“…LAB biosurfactants have shown promise as anti-adhesive agents to prevent the adhesion of pathogens to the host epithelium and solid surfaces, including biomedical instruments [41,42]. Exploring bacterial supernatants' surface and interfacial activities, such as those produced by Lactobacillus strains, is essential for identifying new strategies to inhibit microbial adherence and control biofilm-forming pathogens [20,43]. Previous studies have identified glycoproteinaceous biosurfactants, such as surlactin, in various Lactobacillus species [17,[44][45][46].…”

“…The emulsifying properties of the cell-free supernatants were evaluated using the emulsification activity (E24) test. This test was conducted in quintuplicate using a micromethod described by Verni et al (2022) [20], which employs mineral oil as the oil phase and tween 80 as the reference standard. Briefly, a volume of the oil phase was added to an equal volume of cell-free supernatant, and the resulting mixture was vigorously vortexed for 2 min and left to stand for 24 h. Then, the height of the emulsion layer and the total height of both phases were measured.…”

“…In each well, the following were added: 160 µL of Mueller Hinton broth (for Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 6538P and HT1) or Luria Bertani broth (for Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 27853 and PAO1), 20 µL of supernatants obtained after 24 h of incubation of the tested LAB, and 7 of 24 20 µL of each culture of pathogenic bacterium with a biofilm phenotype (final concentration of 10 8 CFU/mL). The microcultures were incubated at 37 • C for only 1 h. Biofilm quantification was performed as previously described [20] using a crystal violet solution. Positive controls for the inhibition of bacterial adhesion were included, which comprised azithromycin (5 µg/mL), a known quorum-sensing inhibitor in P. aeruginosa PAO1 [21], ciprofloxacin (5 µg/mL), an antibiofilm antibiotic [22], and the non-ionic surfactant, tween 80.…”