Flow Behavior in the Slab Mold under Optimized Swirling Technology in Submerged Entry Nozzle

Chen, Jin; Su, Zhijian; Li, Donggang; Wang, Qiang; He, Jicheng

doi:10.2355/isijinternational.isijint-2018-095

Cited by 6 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…The fluid flow pattern inside the nozzle could be controlled by adjusting the inner structure of nozzle [70,[114][115][116]150] , using the swirl blade [151,152] , or introducing the electromagnetic swirling flow technology [153] , as illustrated in Figure 13. The structure of the inner surface of nozzles could be designed to annular step [115] , coronal block (also named mogul SEN [150] ), and trapezoidal block [70] .…”

Section: Fluid Flow Control Inside Nozzlesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Both the swirl blade and the electromagnetic swirling flow technology illustrated in Fig. 13 are originally applied to improve the uniformity and stability of the outflow from nozzle, stabilize the flow field and temperature distribution and reduce the level fluctuation in the mold [151,153,[155][156][157] . At the same time, when a swirling flow is generated inside the SEN during the continuous casting, both the axial velocity and the tangential velocity of the molten steel near the inner wall of the nozzle are greater, as shown in Figure 14, which is conducive to reducing the thickness of the laminar boundary layer and the scouring of the molten steel on the inner wall of the nozzle, so as to effectively reduce the occurrence of nozzle clogging.…”

Section: Fluid Flow Control Inside Nozzlesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Formation and Prevention of Nozzle Clogging during the Continuous Casting of Steels: A Review

Yang,

Zhang,

Ren

et al. 2024

ISIJ Int.

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Nozzle clogging is a common phenomenon in the continuous casting of steels, especially for aluminum killed steels, and has detrimental effects on the continuity of casting and the steel cleanliness. The formation and prevention of nozzle clogging during the continuous casting of steels was reviewed in the current study. The characterization of nozzle clogging was firstly summarized, finding that the composition, morphology, and structure of the nozzle clogging significantly depended on the steel grade, casting condition, and clogging degree. Then three factors affecting the formation of nozzle clogging was briefly summarized as the physical adhesion of high-melting-point inclusions, the temperature drop resulted from the insufficient preheating of nozzles and the temperature fluctuation of molten steel, and the chemical reactions occur during the continuous casting. The prevention methods of nozzle clogging could be roughly divided into 5 types, including the cleanliness improvement of steel, the liquid modification of inclusions, the fluid flow control inside the nozzle, the coating treatment on the inner surface of nozzles, and the external field treatment.Moreover, the challenge of the nozzle clogging control in the future was proposed. Multiple methods should be coordinated, especially the external field treatment should be developed to achieve a better inhibitory effect on the nozzle clogging.

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Section: Fluid Flow Control Inside Nozzlesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Fluid Flow Control Inside Nozzlesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Formation and Prevention of Nozzle Clogging during the Continuous Casting of Steels: A Review

Yang,

Zhang,

Ren

et al. 2024

ISIJ Int.

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“…The diameter and the transmission frequency of the UDV was 12 mm and 2 MHz, respectively, and the resolution was 2250 ns. Such kinds of measurement methods were well used by us [29,30]. To simulate experiments of the slab continuous casting process of steel under the composite magnetic field, we used 350 kg of molten alloy, as shown in Figure 10a.…”

Section: Experimental Verificationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Numerical Simulation of Magnetic Field and Flow Field of Slab under Composite Magnetic Field

Ren

et al. 2023

Metals

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A kind of composite magnetic field for flow control in slab mold is proposed, in which an electromagnetic stirring (EMS) is carried out near the meniscus and an electromagnetic braking (EMBr) is carried out near the outlet of the submerged entry nozzle (SEN), simultaneously. The yoke for the EMS and the EMBr is made independent from each other, with a ruler type for the EMBr. A three-dimensional model of the magnetic field calculation is established. The simulation results show that the magnetic induction intensity generated with the EMS mainly concentrates in the EMS area. The magnetic induction intensity generated with the EMBr has a large component in the EMS results, which has little effect on the flow of this area. Based on the composite magnetic field calculation results, the three-dimensional numerical simulation of the flow field is carried out, and the flow field obtained is compared to that without the magnetic field but with the EMS and the EMBr only, respectively. The results show that under the composite magnetic field, EMBr and EMS can play their respective roles well under certain conditions, the impact of the jet flow on the narrow face is reduced, and the stirring beneath the meniscus is intensified.

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“…To obtain a desired swirling flow, parameter studies on designs of the swirl blade and nozzle structure were carried out. [26][27][28][29][30][31][32][33] It was found that Swirl number S W increases approximately linearly with a decreased twist ratio. [27] Here, S W is equal to 2W/3U, where W and U are the averaged tangential velocity and axial velocity of the swirling flow, respectively.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[29] Also, the concave-bottom swirling flow nozzle can increase the flow velocity at meniscus compared with the convex-bottom nozzle (Figure 2a), which may increase the risk of slag entrainment. [33] For slab, billet and round bloom, steel flow and heat transfer in mold can be further optimized when a divergent nozzle is used, compared with using a straight nozzle. [28,30] Normally, the divergent angle over 100 is preferred to obtain a uniform temperature and velocity distribution in mold.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

A Review on Swirling Flow Casting Technology in Steel Production

Xie

Nabeel

Ersson

et al. 2021

steel research int.

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Casting is the final step of steel from liquid to solid state with a decreased steel temperature, where some complex phenomena occur in casting mold, as shown in Figure 1, [1] such as multiphase flow, heat transfer, phase transition, solute redistribution, and so on. During solidification process, some defects of steel semi-product like cracks and macrosegregation can form, which can significantly deteriorate steel mechanical properties. These defects normally are difficult to be completely removed in a subsequent heat treatment process. Therefore, a good control on steel solidification process is of great significance for both steel quality and casting efficiency.Steel casting includes two routes, namely continuous casting and ingot casting. According to statistics from World Steel Association, the global output of crude steel in 2020 is around 1.878 billion tons, over 96.9% of which is produced through continuous casting process. [2] Therefore, continuous casting has become the main process in global steel production. However, ingot casting is still used today to produce, for example, some high-alloyed steel, large size round bloom, and so on, which also plays an important role in production of some steel categories. In past years, steel casting process especially continuous casting has made enormous progress. These are realized by optimizing the submerged entry nozzle (SEN) structure, [3][4][5] casting speed, [6][7][8] argon blowing in nozzle, [9][10][11] electromagnetic braking, [12][13][14] mold electromagnetic stirring (M-EMS), [15][16][17] second-cooling segment electromagnetic stirring (S-EMS), [18][19][20] final electromagnetic stirring (F-EMS), [21][22][23] and so on. To further improve the steel flow field in mold, as early as 1994, Yokoya et al. [24] first proposed the swirling flow nozzle casting technology, which aims to induce a rotational steel flow inside SEN. This rotational flow momentum can change SEN outlet flow pattern to avoid the formation of a jet flow in mold that is commonly observed in the case of the straight nozzle continuous casting. [24] Furthermore, it can also promote a uniform flow on the cross-section of SEN side port. Therefore, the mold flow pattern can be optimized as soon as steel moves into the mold. Plant trials have confirmed that this technology can effectively improve the quality of steel semi-product and alleviate the SEN side-port clogging in continuous casting. [25] In recent years, the swirling flow nozzle casting technology has attracted worldwide attention. A great number of studies have been carried out, as shown in Table 1, and these studies will be comprehensively introduced in Section 2 and 3 in this paper, including different realization technologies, main findings, and metallurgical effects. This aims to promote the understanding of multiphysical phenomena induced by the swirling flow. Also, new technology development and research progress on swirling flow steel casting will be summarized. Swirling Flow Continuous Casting Swirl Blade TechnologyIn 1994, Yoko...

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Flow Behavior in the Slab Mold under Optimized Swirling Technology in Submerged Entry Nozzle

Cited by 6 publications

References 25 publications

Formation and Prevention of Nozzle Clogging during the Continuous Casting of Steels: A Review

Formation and Prevention of Nozzle Clogging during the Continuous Casting of Steels: A Review

Numerical Simulation of Magnetic Field and Flow Field of Slab under Composite Magnetic Field

A Review on Swirling Flow Casting Technology in Steel Production

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