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Transgenic plant cell cultures offer a number of advantages over alternative host expression systems, but so far relatively low product concentrations have been achieved. In this study, transgenic rice cells are used in a two-compartment membrane bioreactor (CELLine 350, Integra Biosciences) for the production of recombinant alpha-1-antitrypsin (rAAT). Expression of rAAT is controlled by the rice alpha-amylase (RAmy3D) promoter, which is induced in the absence of sugar. The extracellular product is retained in the bioreactor's relatively small cell compartment, thereby increasing product concentration. Due to the packed nature of the cell aggregates in the cell compartment, a clarified product solution can be withdrawn from the bioreactor. Active rAAT reached levels of 100-247 mg/L (4-10% of the total extracellular protein) in the cell compartment at 5-6 days postinduction, and multiple inductions of the RAmy3D promoter were demonstrated.

A technique for large area and fast speed surface nanopatterning of photopolymer surface with laser irradiation through microlens array (MLA) was demonstrated. The laser beam was split into many focused tiny light spots by a 1μm diameter MLA fabricated by laser interference lithography followed by reflow and reactive ion etching. The fabricated MLA exhibits excellent uniformity and surface quality. Up to 6 250 000 nanopatterns can be fabricated over an area of 5×5mm2 under KrF excimer laser single pulse exposure. A spot size down to 78nm was obtained corresponding to super-resolution of λ∕3, λ is the incident laser wavelength.