Flow-Induced Vibration of Vertical-Lift Gate

Hardwick, J. David

doi:10.1061/jyceaj.0003950

Cited by 24 publications

(6 citation statements)

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“…It is important to realise that most other studies measure response in displacement instead of force. In the high stiffness at V r < 5, which has been studied most frequently, the reduced velocity at which highest amplitude is found lies close to V r = 2.75 found by Hardwick (1974) and V r,nat = 2.5 found by Thang & Naudascher (1986). The reduced velocity based on the natural frequency V r,nat is somewhat lower than the V r used in this study.…”

Section: Comparison With Other Experimental Resultssupporting

confidence: 81%

“…Previous investigations have proved that most severe vibrations of underflow gates in submerged flow occur at small gate openings and are predominantly caused by ILEV and MIE mechanisms (Hardwick 1974, Thang & Naudascher 1986aand 1986b. The current study therefore focuses on small gate openings and does not look at other mechanisms such as noise excitation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The dynamic response of a hydraulic gate due to its interaction with the flow strongly depends on details of the gate bottom geometry. Numerous experimental studies of flow-induced vibrations (FIV) of gates have previously looked into the characteristics of gate shapes (Hardwick 1974, Vrijer 1979, Kolkman 1984. The gained insight in excitation mechanisms has resulted in widespread rules of thumb for unfavourable designs that should be avoided as well as favourable design features (e.g.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Reducing cross-flow vibrations of underflow gates: Experiments and numerical studies

Erdbrink

Krzhizhanovskaya

Sloot

2014

Journal of Fluids and Structures

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An experimental study is combined with numerical modelling to investigate new ways to reduce crossflow vibrations of hydraulic gates with underflow. A rectangular gate section placed in a flume was given freedom to vibrate in the vertical direction. Holes in the gate bottom enabled leakage flow through the gate to enter the area directly under the gate which is known to play a key role in most excitation mechanisms. For submerged discharge conditions with small gate openings the vertical dynamic support force was measured in the reduced velocity range 1.5 < Vr < 10.5 for a gate with and without holes. The leakage flow through the holes significantly reduced vibrations. This attenuation was most profound in the high stiffness region at 2 < Vr < 3.5. Two-dimensional numerical simulations were performed with the Finite Element Method to assess local velocities and pressures for both gate types. A moving mesh covering both solid and fluid domain allowed free gate movement and two-way fluid-structure interactions. Modelling assumptions and observed numerical effects are discussed and quantified. The simulated added mass in still water is shown to be close to experimental values. The spring stiffness and mass factor were varied to achieve similar response frequencies at the same dry natural frequencies as in the experiment. Although it was not possible to reproduce the vibrations dominated by impinging leading edge vortices (ILEV) at relatively low Vr, the simulations at high Vr showed strong vibrations with movement-induced excitation (MIE). For the latter case, the simulated response reduction of the ventilated gate agrees with the experimental results. The numerical modelling results suggest that the leakage flow diminishes the whipping effect of fluctuations at the trailing edge associated with the streamwise pressure drop across the gate and the body's vertical oscillatory motion.

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Section: Comparison With Other Experimental Resultssupporting

confidence: 81%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Reducing cross-flow vibrations of underflow gates: Experiments and numerical studies

Erdbrink

Krzhizhanovskaya

Sloot

2014

Journal of Fluids and Structures

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“…Although dedicated design tests greatly reduce susceptibility for dangerous dynamic forces, active prediction and control will broaden the windows of structure operation. Literature on dynamic gate forces caused by this phenomenon uses a dimensionless parameter of reduced velocity to signify occurring gate vibrations (Hardwick 1974, Billeter & Staubli 2000, Erdbrink 2012). In time-dependent form it is written as…”

Section: Vibrationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Free-surface flow simulations for discharge-based operation of hydraulic structure gates

Erdbrink

Krzhizhanovskaya

Sloot

2013

Journal of Hydroinformatics

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We combine non-hydrostatic flow simulations of the free surface with a discharge model based on elementary gate flow equations for decision support in the operation of hydraulic structure gates. A water level-based gate control used in most of today's general practice does not take into account the fact that gate operation scenarios producing similar total discharged volumes and similar water levels may have different local flow characteristics. Accurate and timely prediction of local flow conditions around hydraulic gates is important for several aspects of structure management: ecology, scour, flow-induced gate vibrations and waterway navigation. The modelling approach is described and tested for a multi-gate sluice structure regulating discharge from a river to the sea.

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“…Naudascher [2] divided the flow-induced vibration into three categories based on its induced mechanism, and gate vibrations jointly induced by flow instability and structure feedback mechanisms are the most common. Hardwick [3] and Jongeling [4], through a physical model test, pointed out that the main cause of gate vibration was the vortex formed by the destruction of the free shear layer at the gate bottom. Thang [5,6] posited that gate vibration was caused by downstream vortex resonance and pointed out that the slope of lift coefficient curve was taken as a criterion by which to judge the gate dynamic stability.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Holding Force and Vertical Vibration of Emergency Gate in the Closing Process: Physical and Numerical Modelling

Wang

Liu

2021

Applied Sciences

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A two-dimensional unsteady fluid–structure interaction numerical model was established, based on the physical model test, to investigate the influence of vertical vibration on the holding force of an emergency gate in the closing process. Gate motion was controlled by the user-defined function in Fluent. Attention was paid to the relationship between the vertical vibration, hydrodynamic loads and flow discharge. The experiment results show that holding force has three typical forms in the closing process and it is related to the service gate height. The numerical model can reflect the gate vertical vibration and the gate-closing displacement in the form of steps. Gate vertical vibration in the closing process is a motion-induced vibration caused by gate active falling. Moreover, the transition from full-flow to open-flow behind the emergency gate has a great influence on the gate vertical vibration. With a small gate opening, gate vertical vibration makes the flow discharge fluctuation increase. Furthermore, flow discharge has an influence on the gate body loads, which is mainly concentrated in the upstream plate and gate bottom. Finally, the lift force coefficient at the gate bottom is different from the standard and is mainly controlled by the outflow boundary condition. The simulation result is in good agreement with the experiment and the relative error meets engineering requirements, suggesting that the numerical model can successfully simulate the gate fluid–structure interaction and reproduce the characteristics of physical quantities in the closing process.

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Flow-Induced Vibration of Vertical-Lift Gate

Cited by 24 publications

References 0 publications

Reducing cross-flow vibrations of underflow gates: Experiments and numerical studies

Reducing cross-flow vibrations of underflow gates: Experiments and numerical studies

Free-surface flow simulations for discharge-based operation of hydraulic structure gates

Holding Force and Vertical Vibration of Emergency Gate in the Closing Process: Physical and Numerical Modelling

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