Flow injection analysis of tetracyclines using inhibited Ru(bpy)32+/tripropylamine electrochemiluminescence system

Abstract

Tetracyclines (TCs) were found to strongly inhibit the electrochemiluminescence (ECL) from the Ru(bpy)3(2+)-tripropylamine system when a working Pt electrode was maintained at 1.05 V (vs. Ag/AgCl) in pH 8.0 carbonate buffer solution. On this basis, a flow injection (FI) procedure with inhibited electrochemiluminescence detection has been developed for the determination of tetracycline (TC) and oxytetracycline (OTC). Under the optimized condition, the linear ranges of 2.0 x 10(-8)-1.0 x 10(-5) and 1.0 x 10(-8)-1.0 x 10(-5) g/mL and the detection limits of 4.0 x 10(-9) and 3.8 x 10(-9) g/mL were obtained for TC and OTC, respectively. The relative standard deviations (RSD) were 0.68% and 1.18% for 5.0 x 10(-7) g/mL TC and OTC (n = 13), respectively. The method showed higher sensitivity than most of the reported methods. It was successfully applied to the determination of tetracycline in a Chinese proprietary medicine, Tetracyclini and Cortisone Eye Ointment, and the residues of tetracycline in honey products. The inhibition mechanism has been proposed due to an energy transfer between electrogenerated Ru(bpy)3(2+)* and benzoquinone derivatives at the electrode surface.

Online coupling of molecularly imprinted solid‐phase extraction to HPLC for determination of trace tetracycline antibiotic residues in egg samples

“…Thus, an effective sample pretreatment prior to HPLC analysis is usually essential, such as liquid–liquid extraction and solid‐phase extraction (SPE). Nowadays, various commercial SPE sorbents were frequently used for the extraction and concentration of TCs in foodstuff samples, such as C18 9, HLB 10, XAD‐2 resin 11 and DSC‐phenyl 12. However, the low selectivity of these materials usually leads to the co‐extraction of several matrix components, which can interfere with the target compounds.…”

Optimizing the integrated pulsed amperometric multicycle step waveform for the determination of tetracyclines

“…In comparison with other electrochemical detection based method, except for the methods based on the coulometric electrode assay detection [20] and on the usage of acetylene black electrode [22], our method is more sensitive than or roughly as sensitive as most of the other electrochemical detection based methods [1,[16][17][18]21,26]. Compared with mass detection [13][14][15], electrochemiluminescence [10] and chemiluminescence [11,12], the present method shows a relatively poorer sensitivity.…”

“…Thin layer chromatography [3], capillary electrophoresis [4,5] and high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) methods were used to determine antibiotics too. Of all these methods, HPLC coupled with different detection techniques such as UV or DAD [6][7][8][9], chemilumi-nescence [10][11][12], MS [13][14][15] and electrochemistry [1,[16][17][18][19][20][21][22] is the most common method to be used for the analysis of TCs.…”

Electrochemiluminescent functional nucleic acids‐based sensors for food analysis

“…The overall number of publications involving ECL has increased year‐by‐year . A great deal of ECL luminophores and the detailed ECL mechanisms have been extensively studied by many researchers, and well summarized in several reviews . Therefore, in this review, ECL substrates and their related luminescent mechanisms are not presented in detailed.…”