Flow pattern control in continuous slab casting moulds: physical modelling and plant trials

Deng, Xiaoxuan; Ji, Chenxi; Chen, Yang; Li, L.; Yin, Xiaochun; Yang, Yindong; McLean, Alex

doi:10.1080/03019233.2016.1215666

Cited by 31 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 44 publications

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“…In this design, also notice that the solid upper edge is parallel to the outlet ports. Figure 2d,e show two specialized designs, where solid barriers are also attached to the inner bottom wall [13,14]. However, in these cases, the main axis of the solids is perpendicular to the nozzle outlet ports.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Analysis of a New SEN Design with an Inner Flow Divider

Gonzalez-Trejo

Gabbasov

Miranda-Tello

et al. 2021

Metals

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To minimize the product imperfections due to slag entrapment and surface defects, the fluid flow pattern inside the mold must be symmetric, commonly named double-roll flow. Thus, the liquid steel must enter into the mold evenly distributed. The submerged entry nozzle (SEN) is crucial in product quality in vertical steel slab continuous casting machines because it distributes the molten steel from the tundish into the mold. This work evaluates the performance of a novel bifurcated nozzle design named “SEN with flow divider”. The symmetry at the outlet ports is obtained by imposing symmetry inside the SEN. The flow divider is a solid barrier attached at the SEN bottom inner wall, the height of which slightly surpasses the upper edges of the outlet ports. The performance analysis is done first using numerical simulations, where the Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) technique and the Smoothed Particle Hydrodynamics (SPH) approach are used. Then, experimental tests on a scaled model are also used to evaluate the SEN performance. Numerical and physical simulations showed that the flow divider considerably reduces the SEN outlet jets’ broadness and misalignment, producing compact, aligned, and symmetric jets. Therefore, the SEN design analyzed in this work is a promising alternative to improve process profitability.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[13]). (e) WB-nozzle with two separated solid barriers attached at the SEN inner bottom wall (adapted from [14])…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Analysis of a New SEN Design with an Inner Flow Divider

Gonzalez-Trejo

Gabbasov

Miranda-Tello

et al. 2021

Metals

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show abstract

“…It is possible that the SRF pattern is formed in the mold. The SRF is an undesirable flow pattern which tends to cause more defects in the slab [38]. The strong upward flow and large argon bubbles near the SEN can result in the surface fluctuation of molten steel which is one of the main reasons for the slag entrainment.…”

Section: Flow Patterns In the Moldmentioning

confidence: 99%

Measurement of Molten Steel Velocity near the Surface and Modeling for Transient Fluid Flow in the Continuous Casting Mold

Zhang

Yang

Jiang

2019

Metals

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In the current work, a rod deflection method (RDM) is conducted to measure the velocity of molten steel near the surface in continuous casting (CC) mold. With the experimental measurement, the flow velocity and direction of molten steel can be obtained. In addition, a mathematical model combining the computational fluid dynamics (CFD) and discrete phase method (DPM) has been developed to calculate the transient flow field in a CC mold. The simulation results are compared and validated with the plant measurement results. Reasonable agreements between the measured and simulated results are obtained, both in the trends and magnitudes for the flow velocities of molten steel near the mold surface. Based on the measured and calculated results, the velocity of molten steel near the surface in the mold increases with increasing casting speed and the casting speed can change the flow pattern in the mold. Furthermore, three different types of flow patterns of molten steel in the mold can be obtained. The pattern A is the single-roll-flow (SRF) and the pattern C is the double-roll-flow (DRF). The pattern B is a transition state between DRF and SRF, which is neither cause the vortices nor excessive surface velocity on the meniscus, so the slag entrainment rarely occurs. Argon gas injection can slow down the molten steel velocity and uplift the jet zone, due to the buoyancy of bubbles. Combination of the measurement and numerical simulation is an effective tool to investigate the transient flow behavior in the CC mold and optimize the actual operation parameters of continuous casting to avoid the surface defects of the automobile outer panels.

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“…[ 23 ] As shown in Table 1, few studies were performed to investigate the inﬂuence of varied degree of clogging at the SEN on the transient flow pattern in the CC mold. Nail board measurement [ 24–27 ] was used to measure the surface velocity of the molten steel and the thickness of the molten flux above the molten steel. [ 28–30 ] Little measurement work using nail boards on the transient flow pattern including double roll flow (DRF), complex flow (CF), and single roll flow (SRF), and slag entrainment in the CC mold with varied degree of clogging of the SEN were reported.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Clogging‐Induced Asymmetrical and Transient Flow Pattern in a Steel Continuous Casting Slab Strand Measured Using Nail Boards

Zhou

Zhang

Zhou

et al. 2020

steel research int.

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Herein, the fluid flow pattern in a continuous casting slab strand with varied degree of clogging of the submerged entry nozzle is measured using nail boards in industrial trials. The influence of clogging on meniscus velocity, top surface position, surface level fluctuation, and slag entrainment of the strand is investigated. The number density and area fraction of nonmetallic inclusions including Na2O and K2O‐bearing entrained slag ones within the subsurface of steel slabs are inspected using an automatic scanning electron microscope (SEM). The flow pattern in the strand periodically transforms from a double roll flow to a complex flow and/or a single roll flow. The fluid field in the continuous casting mold is unstable and asymmetric under the condition of varied degree of clogging with time. The variation of the meniscus velocity and the surface level fluctuation with time is stochastic. The percentage of >3 mm level fluctuation increases from 4.7% to 10.6% with a serious clogging of the submerged entry nozzle. The amount of entrained slag inclusions with serious clogging is approximately 1.6 times than that with slight clogging. In addition, slag entrainment mechanisms of the shear‐layer instability and the vortex formation are discussed.

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Flow pattern control in continuous slab casting moulds: physical modelling and plant trials

Cited by 31 publications

References 44 publications

Analysis of a New SEN Design with an Inner Flow Divider

Analysis of a New SEN Design with an Inner Flow Divider

Measurement of Molten Steel Velocity near the Surface and Modeling for Transient Fluid Flow in the Continuous Casting Mold

Clogging‐Induced Asymmetrical and Transient Flow Pattern in a Steel Continuous Casting Slab Strand Measured Using Nail Boards

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