“…Unconventional gas extraction in the Surat Basin, which underlies part of the Great Artesian Basin (Fig. 1), is a good example of this development, where stakeholder pressure on politicians drove investment to improve the understanding of recharge, groundwater flow and inter-aquifer connectivity (Habermehl, 2020; Radke and Ransley, 2020;Vink et al, 2020). However, many areas have not benefitted from such programs, and limited resources for groundwater investigations was ranked 2nd overall as an impediment to sustainable groundwater management (Fig.…”