The precise arrangement
of structural subunits is a key factor
for the proper shape and function of natural and artificial supramolecular
assemblies. In DNA nanotechnology, the geometrically well-defined
double-stranded DNA scaffold serves as an element of spatial control
for the precise arrangement of functional groups. Here, we describe
the supramolecular assembly of chemically modified DNA hybrids into
diverse types of architectures. An amphiphilic DNA duplex serves as
the sole structural building element of the nanosized supramolecular
structures. The morphology of the assemblies is governed by a single
subunit of the building block. The chemical nature of this subunit,
i.e., polyethylene glycols of different chain length or a carbohydrate
moiety, exerts a dramatic influence on the architecture of the assemblies.
Cryo-electron microscopy revealed the arrangement of the individual
DNA duplexes within the different constructs. Thus, the morphology
changes from vesicles to ribbons with increasing length of a linear
polyethylene glycol. Astoundingly, attachment of a N-acetylgalactosamine carbohydrate to the DNA duplex moiety produces
an unprecedented type of star-shaped architecture. The novel DNA architectures
presented herein imply an extension of the current concept of DNA
materials and shed new light on the fast-growing field of DNA nanotechnology.