Flowers and climate change: a metabolic perspective

Borghi, Monica; Souza, Leonardo Perez de; Yoshida, Takuya; Fernie, Alisdair R.

doi:10.1111/nph.16031

Cited by 114 publications

(105 citation statements)

References 142 publications

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“…These inter-seasonal differences in the total quantity of VOCs, both those involved in the attraction of the pollinator and others, could be driven by abiotic or biotic factors, or by the two combined. Indeed, it is well established that environmental conditions, particularly temperature, can affect VOC emission by plants 46,47 . On the one hand, owing to the physicochemical properties of plant VOCs, warming increases the rates of total emissions of VOCs in plants 44,46 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chemical signal is in the blend: bases of plant-pollinator encounter in a highly specialized interaction

Proffit

Lapeyre

Buatois

et al. 2020

Sci Rep

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In several highly specialized plant-insect interactions, scent-mediated specificity of pollinator attraction is directed by the emission and detection of volatile organic compounds (VOCs). Although some plants engaged in such interactions emit singular compounds, others emit mixtures of VOCs commonly emitted by plants. We investigated the chemical ecological bases of host plant recognition in the nursery pollination mutualism between the dioecious Ficus carica and its specific pollinator Blastophaga psenes. Using Y-tube olfactometer tests, we show that B. psenes females are attracted by VOCs of receptive figs of both sexes and do not exhibit preference for VOCs of either male or female figs. Electrophysiological tests and chemical analysis revealed that of all the VOCs emitted by receptive figs, only five were found to be active on female antennae. Behavioural tests show that, in contrast to VOCs presented alone, only a blend with a particular proportion of four of these VOCs is as attractive as the odour of receptive figs, and that if there is a very small change in this blend proportion, the pollinator is no longer attracted. This study revealed that in highly specialized mutualistic interactions specificity could be mediated by a particular blend of common compounds emitted by plants.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chemical signal is in the blend: bases of plant-pollinator encounter in a highly specialized interaction

Proffit

Lapeyre

Buatois

et al. 2020

Sci Rep

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“…The total sugar concentrations of A. fasciata and B. nutans remained constant under drought conditions, the sucrose:hexoses ratios in nectar, however, decrease in both species (Figs 4A,5A). The fact that nectar sugar concentration is not affected by drought had already been demonstrated for other plant species (Carroll et al, 2001;Mu et al, 2015); however, there are no uniform results on the effect of drought on nectar composition in the current literature (Borghi et al, 2019). It is therefore likely that different plant species react differently to strong and rapid drought.…”

Section: Nectar Volume and Sugar Composition In Nectar Are Mainly Infmentioning

confidence: 80%

Influence of light, dark, temperature and drought on metabolite and ion composition in nectar and nectaries of an epiphytic bromeliad species (Aechmea fasciata)

Göttlinger

Lohaus

2020

Plant Biol J

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• Research into the influence of stress factors, such as drought, different temperatures and/or varied light conditions, on plants due to climate changes is becoming increasingly important. Epiphytes, like many species of the Bromeliaceae, are particularly affected by this, but little is known about impacts on nectar composition and nectary metabolism. • We investigated the influence of drought, different temperatures and light-dark regimes on nectar and nectaries of the epiphytic bromeliad species, Aechmea fasciata, and also the influence of drought with the terrestrial bromeliad, Billbergia nutans. The content of sugars, amino acids and ions in nectar and nectaries was analysed using HPLC. In addition, the starch content and the activities of different invertases in nectaries were determined. • Compositions of nectar and nectaries were hardly influenced, neither by light nor dark, nor by different temperatures. In contrast, drought revealed changes in nectar volumes and nectar sugar compositions in the epiphytic bromeliad as well as in the terrestrial bromeliad. In both species, the sucrose-to-hexose ratio in nectar decreased considerably during the drought period. These changes in nectar sugar composition do not correlate with changes in the nectaries. The total sugar, amino acid and ion concentrations remained constant in nectar as well as in nectaries during the drought period. • Changes in nectar composition or in the production of floral pollinator rewards are likely to affect plant-pollinator interactions. It remains questionable how far the adaptations of the bromeliads to drought and diverse light or temperature conditions are still sufficient.

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“…In temperate areas, the majority (78%, Ollerton, Winfree, & Tarrant, 2011) of wild and crop plant species depend on insects for their pollination. Floral attractiveness and visitation rates are presumed to be altered by abiotic stresses linked to climate change, leading to decreased pollination and reproductive success (Borghi, Perez de Souza, Yoshida, & Fernie, 2019;Cohen, Lajeunesse, & Rohr, 2018;Forrest, 2016;Thomson, 2016;Walter, 2018).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Species‐specific responses to combined water stress and increasing temperatures in two bee‐pollinated congeners (Echium, Boraginaceae)

Descamps

Marée

Hugon

et al. 2020

Ecology and Evolution

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Water stress and increasing temperatures are two main constraints faced by plants in the context of climate change. These constraints affect plant physiology and morphology, including phenology, floral traits, and nectar rewards, thus altering plant–pollinator interactions. We compared the abiotic stress responses of two bee‐pollinated Boraginaceae species, Echium plantagineum, an annual, and Echium vulgare, a biennial. Plants were grown for 5 weeks during their flowering period under two watering regimes (well‐watered and water‐stressed) and three temperature regimes (21, 24, 27°C). We measured physiological traits linked to photosynthesis (chlorophyll content, stomatal conductance, and water use efficiency), and vegetative (leaf number and growth rate) and floral (e.g., flower number, phenology, floral morphology, and nectar production) traits. The physiological and morphological traits of both species were affected by the water and temperature stresses, although the effects were greater for the annual species. Both stresses negatively affected floral traits, accelerating flower phenology, decreasing flower size, and, for the annual species, decreasing nectar rewards. In both species, the number of flowers was reduced by 22%–45% under water stress, limiting the total amount of floral rewards. Under water stress and increasing temperatures, which mimic the effects of climate change, floral traits and resources of bee‐pollinated species are affected and can lead to disruptions of pollination and reproductive success.

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Flowers and climate change: a metabolic perspective

Cited by 114 publications

References 142 publications

Chemical signal is in the blend: bases of plant-pollinator encounter in a highly specialized interaction

Chemical signal is in the blend: bases of plant-pollinator encounter in a highly specialized interaction

Influence of light, dark, temperature and drought on metabolite and ion composition in nectar and nectaries of an epiphytic bromeliad species (Aechmea fasciata)

Species‐specific responses to combined water stress and increasing temperatures in two bee‐pollinated congeners (Echium, Boraginaceae)

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