Fluconazole Resistance Candida albicans in Females With Recurrent Vaginitis and Pir1 Overexpression

Abstract

Background:Some genes may be associated with Candida albicans resistance to azoles. Pir1 gene is described as responsible to induce resistance in C. albicans.Objectives:The current study aimed to find the relationship between fluconazole resistance and Pir1 protein (Pir1p) overexpression in the females with recurrent C. albicans vaginitis requiring longer fluconazole therapy.Patients and Methods:A total of 52l vaginal samples were obtained from the females with C. albicans vaginitis. The azole susceptibility phenotype was determined according to the Clinical Laboratory for Standards Institute (CLSI) protocol for disk diffusion method and inhibition zone for fluconazole. Expression of pir1 gene and fluconazole -resistance were evaluated using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) in C. albicans.Results:In the 52 isolates, 49 (94%) were resistant to fluconazole. Overexpression of Pir1 gene was detected in 47 (96%) fluconazole-resistant C. albicans isolates.Conclusions:The findings show fluconazole -resistance in C. albicans isolates with overexpression of Pir1p.

Resistance of Candida albicans to antifungal drugs in Abidjan (Cote dIvoire)

“…In Cameroon, more than half of Candida yeasts were resistant to fluconazole in 2012 (Gonsu Kamga et al, 2014). Elsewhere in the world, high C. albicans resistance to azoles has been reported by several authors (Bagg et al, 2005;Chryssanthou, 2001;Nasrollahi et al, 2015;Sandra et al, 2005). These high rates of antifungal resistance provide good reason for regular monitoring of C. albicans susceptibility to these drugs to ensure effective treatment of candidosic lesions.…”

Susceptibility kinetic profile of Candida albicans biofilm on latex silicone surfaces with antifungal azoles

“…Fluconazole basically alters the cellular membranes which leads to increased membrane permeability, impaired uptake of precursor, and leakage of essential elements from the cell (Charlier et al 2006). However, Nasrollahi et al (2015) reported resistance of C. albicans to fluconazole since Pir1p, a protein responsible for cell wall maintenance, was found overexpressed in the fungal cell wall due to prolonged fluconazole treatment. Moreover, another triazole examined in the present study was voriconazole, a second-generation triazole and a synthetic derivative of fluconazole.…”

In vitro anticandidal potency of Syzygium aromaticum (clove) extracts against vaginal candidiasis

“…In the USA, C. glabrata is the second most common causative agent of invasive candidiasis (12-18%), reportedly exhibiting resistance against fluconazole [16]. An earlier study reported that approximately 94% of all C. albicans isolates from vaginitis patients exhibit resistance to fluconazole [17]. Furthermore, another study has reported that certain Candida isolates exhibit resistance to fluconazole and econazole [18].…”