Fluidic self-assembly of InGaAs vertical cavitysurface emitting lasers onto silicon

Tu, Jay K.; Talghader, Joseph J.; Hadley, M. A.; Smith, J. S.

doi:10.1049/el:19950989

Cited by 43 publications

(30 citation statements)

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“…Self-assembled monolayers ͑SAMs͒ of alkylsiloxanes have been identified as promising boundary lubricants for new micro-and nanoscale technologies such as microelectromechanical systems [1][2][3][4] ͑MEMS͒ and fluidic selfassembly [5][6][7][8][9][10][11] ͑FSA͒. In liquid environments, stiction and friction forces in these applications may be reduced with appropriate selections of SAM and solvent.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effect of chain density on the frictional behavior of surfaces modified with alkylsiloxanes and immersed in n-alcohols

Clear

Nealey

2001

The Journal of Chemical Physics

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Concepts of viscoelastic behavior of bulk polymer systems were used to describe maxima in the friction behavior of self-assembled monolayers ͑SAMs͒ measured with lateral force microscopy ͑LFM͒ as a function of sliding velocity and applied normal load in the presence of solvents ͑plasticizers͒. The objective of this study was to investigate whether decreases in the chain density of the SAMs caused maxima in the friction force to shift to higher sliding velocities; such a shift is indicative of shorter chain relaxation times in less dense, less ordered SAMs. Complete SAMs were formed from octadecyltrichlorosilane ͑OTS͒ and partial SAMs were formed from n-octadecylmethyldichlorosilane ͑2Cl͒ and n-octadecyldimethyldichlorosilane ͑1Cl͒, all on silicon/silicon dioxide substrates. With decreasing chain density, solvent partitioning into the monolayer should increase as OTSϽ2ClϽ1Cl. In butanol and pentanol, the maxima in the friction force shifted to higher sliding velocities with decreasing chain density, and the relaxation times calculated for the partial 2Cl films were an order of magnitude shorter than those for SAMs of OTS. For both SAMs of OTS and 2Cl films, maxima shifted to lower sliding velocities with increases in the applied normal load and with increases in the chain length n of the solvent. The higher compressibility of 2Cl films caused greater shifts in the maxima for similar increases in the applied normal load. The increase with n was consistent with both a mechanism of solvent partitioning controlled by the free volume distribution in the SAM and a mechanism of insertion. The relaxation times of the alkyl chains were related to a molecular model of energy dissipation involving the adsorption and desorption of the chain ends to and from the surface of the probe tip.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effect of chain density on the frictional behavior of surfaces modified with alkylsiloxanes and immersed in n-alcohols

Clear

Nealey

2001

The Journal of Chemical Physics

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“…Like EELs, heterogeneous integration of VCSELs onto non‐native substrates is valuable for a wide range of applications. As such, fabrication methods including flip‐chip integration, wafer‐bonding, fluidic assembly, and epitaxial liftoff, and applique offer some value, but none provides practical pathways to manufacturing due to their high cost, poor control over areal coverages, tendency to degrade performance, or limitations in substrate materials . Here again, specialized epitaxial designs and liftoff approaches allow the use of transfer printing as an integration strategy .…”

Section: Lasersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Heterogeneously Integrated Optoelectronic Devices Enabled by Micro‐Transfer Printing

Yoon

Lee

Kang

et al. 2015

Advanced Optical Materials

141

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Transfer printing is a materials assembly technique that uses elastomeric stamps for heterogeneous integration of various classes of micro‐ and nanostructured materials into two‐ and three‐dimensionally organized layouts on virtually any type of substrate. Work over the past decade demonstrates that the capabilities of this approach create opportunities for a wide range of device platforms, including component‐ and system‐level embodiments in unusual optoelectronic technologies with characteristics that cannot be replicated easily using conventional manufacturing or growth techniques. This review presents recent progress in functional materials and advanced transfer printing methods, with a focus on active components that emit, absorb, and/or transport light, ranging from solar cells to light‐emitting diodes, lasers, photodetectors, and integrated collections of these in functional systems, where the key ideas provide unique solutions that address limitations in performance and/or functionality associated with traditional technologies. High‐concentration photovoltaic modules based on multijunction, micro‐ and millimeter‐scale solar cells and high‐resolution emissive displays based on microscale inorganic light‐emitting diodes provide examples of some of the most sophisticated systems, geared toward commercialization.

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“…[9,10] The forces underlying this work are gravitational: the devices settle into depressions with complementary shapes. The process our work describes is biomimetic: it occurs with the interacting objects moving unconstrained in three dimensions; the major interaction holding these objects together is hydrophobicity.…”

Section: Self-assembly Of An Operating Electricalmentioning

confidence: 99%

Self-Assembly of an Operating Electrical Circuit Based on Shape Complementarity and the Hydrophobic Effect

Terfort

Whitesides

1998

Adv. Mater.

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The biomimetic self‐assembly of an operating electrical circuit is described. The circuit, self‐assembled via the hydrophobic effect from two different, but shape‐complementary, non‐functional subunits, contains a light‐emitting diode (LED), a gold cathode, and a magnesium anode. It is shown that the system, when immersed in a suitable electrolyte (potassium ferricyanide), constitutes an electrochemical cell—the LED is powered through a reaction involving the dissolution of magnesium(0) at the anode and the reduction of ferricyanide to ferrocyanide at the cathode.

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Fluidic self-assembly of InGaAs vertical cavitysurface emitting lasers onto silicon

Cited by 43 publications

References 2 publications

The effect of chain density on the frictional behavior of surfaces modified with alkylsiloxanes and immersed in n-alcohols

The effect of chain density on the frictional behavior of surfaces modified with alkylsiloxanes and immersed in n-alcohols

Heterogeneously Integrated Optoelectronic Devices Enabled by Micro‐Transfer Printing

Self-Assembly of an Operating Electrical Circuit Based on Shape Complementarity and the Hydrophobic Effect

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