Fluorescence spectroscopy of high performance liquid chromatography fractionated marine and terrestrial organic materials

Lombardi, Ana Teresa; Jardim, Wilson F.

doi:10.1016/s0043-1354(98)00233-4

Cited by 72 publications

(36 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…A shoulder (304 nm) appears on the tyrosine peak in SUBGLACIAL PC1 (Figure 8). This coincides with the spectral range that is cited for protein-like fluorescence (Table I; Lombardi and Jardim, 1999). The presence of this fluorophore could result from either the presence of tryptophan or tyrosine metabolites (e.g.…”

Section: Group 1: Total Pc1 Subglacial Pc1 Marg Pc1 Alpine Streamsupporting

confidence: 84%

“…The plots of PCA factor scores (values for Lombardi and Jardim, 1999 each case) versus wavelength provide an indication of the spectral waveform of each PC and therefore identify the fluorophores that contribute to the variance in the spectral signals. A comparison between the fluorophores detected here and those that have previously been characterized as specific compounds (Table I) permits a tentative identification of the fluorophores detected in this study.…”

Section: Total Pcamentioning

confidence: 99%

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Using synchronous fluorescence spectroscopy and principal components analysis to monitor dissolved organic matter dynamics in a glacier system

Barker

Sharp

Turner

2009

Hydrological Processes

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Abstract:The molecular characteristics of dissolved organic matter (DOM) reflect both its source material and its biogeochemical history. In glacial systems, DOM characteristics might be expected to change over the course of a melt season as changes in the glacier drainage system cause the mobilization of DOM from different OM pools. To test this hypothesis we used Principal Components Analysis (PCA) of synchronous fluorescence spectra to detect and describe changes in the DOM in meltwater from a glacier system in the Coast Mountains of northern British Columbia, Canada. For most of the melt season, the dominant component of subglacially routed meltwater DOM is characterized by a tyrosine-like fluorophore. This DOM component is most likely derived from supraglacial snowmelt. During periods of high discharge, a second component of DOM is present which is humic in character and similar to DOM sampled from a nearby non-glacial stream. This DOM component is inferred to be derived from a moss-covered soil environment that has been glacially overrun. It is probably entrained into glacial melt waters when the supraglacial meltwater flux exceeds the capacity of the principal subglacial drainage channels and water floods areas of the glacier bed that are normally isolated from the subglacial drainage system. Another source of DOM also appears to be mobilized during periods of high air temperatures. It is characterized by both humic and proteinaceous fluorophores and may be derived from the drainage of supraglacial cryoconite holes.

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Section: Group 1: Total Pc1 Subglacial Pc1 Marg Pc1 Alpine Streamsupporting

confidence: 84%

Section: Total Pcamentioning

confidence: 99%

Using synchronous fluorescence spectroscopy and principal components analysis to monitor dissolved organic matter dynamics in a glacier system

Barker

Sharp

Turner

2009

Hydrological Processes

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“…The technique is non-destructive and requires little or no sample preparation. An additional feature of the EEMS approach is the vast array of data available for interpretation within an EEM (Lombardi and Jardim, 1999). Attempts have been made to extend the understanding of fluorophore character and concentration by utilizing this large amount of data, for example by the analysis of the shape under the peak, and the use of statistical techniques such as 'Analysis of Variance' (ANOVA) (Bertilsson et al, 2004;Jaffe et al, 2004;Smith et al, 2004), 'Parallel Factor Analysis' (PARAFAC) (Moberg et al, 2001;Brunsdon and Baker, 2002;Stedmon et al, 2003;Olivieri et al, 2004) and 'Partial Least Squares regression' (PLS) (Ferrer et al, 1998;Vasel and Praet, 2002;Bengraine and Marhaba, 2004) to analyse both individual and groups of EEM.…”

Section: Fluorescence Spectroscopic Techniquesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fluorescence analysis of dissolved organic matter in natural, waste and polluted waters—a review

Hudson

Baker

Reynolds

2007

River Research & Apps

865

454

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Dissolved organic matter (DOM) in aquatic systems originates from a range of sources. Some is allochthonous, transported from the surrounding landscape to the water body, and is derived from and influenced by the geology, land use and hydrology of its origin. Some is created in situ through microbial activity, which may provide an independent source of organic matter, or a recycling mechanism for that which has been transported into the water body. The relative contribution of each source depends upon the location and environmental conditions within and without the water body. Human activity is also a source of DOM, much of which is believed to be labile, which can enter the aquatic system through direct point discharges, diffuse leaching and aerial dispersal. Fluorescence spectroscopy can provide an excellent tool to source DOM fractions, and to monitor and understand DOM transformations in aquatic systems, as much DOM has an intrinsic fluorescence. In particular, recent advances in optical technology, enabling rapid investigation of shorter wavelengths, have enabled more detailed characterization of organic material and its reactions in water. In this article, we review the use of fluorescence spectroscopic techniques to measure the intrinsic fluorescence of organic matter and the application of fluorescent DOM analysis in marine waters, freshwaters and wastewaters.

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“…The elucidation of the HS molecular sizes, shapes, weights and structural arrangements is essential for an [15][16][17][18][19] In general, UV absorbance, and/or fluorescence spectroscopy have been the preferred detection methods. Recently, HPSEC with UV absorbance and fluorescence spectroscopy plus on-line dissolved organic carbon (DOC) detection has been used to characterize NOM as a function of molecular size.…”

Section: -11mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19] Using HPLC, HS can be separated into fractions of compounds with a multi-component nature with polarity as a common characteristic. [15][16][17][18][19] In general, UV absorbance, and/or fluorescence spectroscopy have been the preferred detection methods. Recently, HPSEC with UV absorbance and fluorescence spectroscopy plus on-line dissolved organic carbon (DOC) detection has been used to characterize NOM as a function of molecular size.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

3D-fluorescence spectroscopic analysis of HPLC fractionated estuarine fulvic and humic acids

Sierra¹,

Giovanela²,

Parlanti³

et al. 2006

J. Braz. Chem. Soc.

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Seis amostras de ácidos fúlvicos (AF) e húmicos (AH) estuarinos foram fracionadas por meio de cromatografia líquida de alta performance em fase reversa, num gradiente de polaridade água → acetonitrila, com detecção por fluorescência. Diferenças entre os cromatogramas mostraram que os AH contêm mais componentes hidrofóbicos que os AF. Os espectros de fluorescência tridimensional das frações foram bastante similares entre si e também ao da amostra original, indicando que, apesar das polaridades distintas, a complexidade e as principais características do material original se mantêm. Um mesmo grupo de fluoróforos parece ser responsável pelas características de fluorescência, dos dois tipos de substâncias húmicas. Um deslocamento batocrômico dos espectros de emissão das soluções originais, com relação àqueles das frações, foi atribuído a uma maior proximidade destes fluoróforos, possivelmente devido à formação de agregados. Em geral, os resultados confirmam o conceito de que as "macromoléculas" húmicas consistem de associações de estruturas menores com características químicas semelhantes.Six estuarine fulvic (FA) and humic acids (HA) were fractionated with reversed-phase high performance liquid chromatography in a water/acetonitrile gradient, with fluorescence detection. Differences between FA and HA chromatograms pointed to a higher incidence of hydrophobic components in the latter. Excitation-emission matrix fluorescence diagrams of most fractions were similar to those of the bulk samples indicating that, in spite of their distinct polarities, the complexity and main spectral characteristics of the materials persisted. A primary group of fluorophores, which are present in most of the fractions, seems to be at the origin of the fluorescence properties of both kinds of HS. A bathochromic shift of the bulk solutions spectra in relation to the fraction emissions was attributed to a greater proximity of these fluorophores, possibly due to the formation of aggregates. Generally, the results reinforced concepts that humic macromolecules consist of assemblages of structurally similar building blocks. Keywords: RP-HPLC, fulvic acids, humic acids, EEM fluorescence IntroductionHumic substances (HS) are complex macromolecular products resulting from the chemical and biological degradation of plant and animal residues. They are widely distributed in soils, natural waters, and sediments, and represent a significant proportion of the organic carbon in the global carbon cycle.1-4 According to current estimates, HS constitute the major fraction of soil organic matter (up to 80%) and the largest fraction of natural organic matter (NOM) in aquatic systems (up to 60% of dissolved organic carbon). 5,6These organic materials can have a substantial impact on a variety of biogeochemical processes, for example, immobilizing anthropogenic organic chemicals and heavy metals. 7-11The elucidation of the HS molecular sizes, shapes, weights and structural arrangements is essential for an [15][16][17][18][19] In general, UV absorbance, and/or ...

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Fluorescence spectroscopy of high performance liquid chromatography fractionated marine and terrestrial organic materials

Cited by 72 publications

References 26 publications

Using synchronous fluorescence spectroscopy and principal components analysis to monitor dissolved organic matter dynamics in a glacier system

Using synchronous fluorescence spectroscopy and principal components analysis to monitor dissolved organic matter dynamics in a glacier system

Fluorescence analysis of dissolved organic matter in natural, waste and polluted waters—a review

3D-fluorescence spectroscopic analysis of HPLC fractionated estuarine fulvic and humic acids

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