Fluorescence studies of Yb3+ ions in lead antimony borate glass—Influence of crystallization

Spectroscopy features of Pr3+ and Er3+ ions in Li2O–ZrO2–SiO2 glass matrices mixed with some sesquioxides

“…The structural situation and role of the scandium species in these glasses can be thought to be similar to that for small ionic radii rare-earth cations such as Yb 3+ or Lu 3+ , whose ionic radii similar to Sc 3+ which are expected to occupy octahedral positions in the glass matrices [55]. In view of this, Sc 3+ ions are also expected to occupy octahedral positions.…”