Fluoride and human health: Systematic appraisal of sources, exposures, metabolism, and toxicity

Kabir, Humayun; Gupta, Ashok Kumar; Tripathy, Snehasis

doi:10.1080/10643389.2019.1647028

Cited by 141 publications

(45 citation statements)

References 316 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…The liver is a major site of metabolism in the body; therefore, it is especially prone to fluoride intoxication (19). On the other hand, the kidney is also susceptible to toxicity induced by fluoride as it is the main organ responsible for the excretion of fluoride (20). Figure 1 is a diagram that gives a summary of fluoride metabolism.…”

Section: Fluoride Metabolismmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The severity of this disorder depends on the dose of fluoride, duration of exposure, and age of the individuals (34). Yellowish or brownish striations on teeth, deformity of enamel and dentin, and interference with enamel mineralization are the main clinical manifestations of dental fluorosis (20). In 1934, Dean created an index commonly used for classifying different types of dental fluorosis (35).…”

Section: Toxicity Of Fluoridementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Excessive fluoride exposure has a destructive impact on different soft tissues, including the lungs, kidney, liver, and heart (20). Many studies have declared that the adverse effects of fluoride on soft tissues might be associated with free radicals and oxidative stress (49).…”

Section: Fluoride Effect On Soft Tissuementioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Efficacy and Safety of Fluoride in Children: A Narrative Review

et al. 2021

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Context: Fluoride is a necessary element for bone growth and the prevention of dental caries. Diet and dentifrices are the most significant sources of fluoride exposure in children. The concentration of fluoride differs in various types of foods. Although at optimal levels, fluoride has beneficial effects on dental health, in high concentrations, it has some adverse effects, such as structural and functional defects in organs like the kidney and interference with thyroid function. High doses of fluoride can lead to fluoride toxicity, affecting different parts of the body like teeth. Our study aimed to review the previous studies on fluoride toxicity and provide relevant information to dentists and specialists about fluoride safety in children. Evidence Acquisition:The data we used in our review were found from articles published until 2019 and collected from official web pages and documents published from different international institutions. Topics discussed in this review were dietary intake of fluoride, fluoride metabolism, history of fluoride use, mechanism of fluoride action, overuse, and toxicity of fluoride. After the abstract screening, we reviewed relevant studies for full-text review.Results: Fluoride is generally found in the human daily diet. There are different sources of fluoride, such as fluoride supplements or fluoride dentifrices. Fluoride also has a topical protective effect against teeth decay. Ingestion of high doses of fluoride in a short time can lead to fluoride poisoning. Emergency treatment is needed when the toxic dose of 15 mg/kg has been exceeded. This problem usually happens in children while using products such as fluoridated toothpaste for oral hygiene; this illness can threaten their overall health. Conclusions:Fluoride can damage organs such as the liver and kidney as the principal organs susceptible to toxicity induced by fluoride. Although the intake of high doses of fluoride has some adverse health effects, its topical use is considered safe. Fluoride can improve children's dental health in different ways and prevent caries.

show abstract

Section: Fluoride Metabolismmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Toxicity Of Fluoridementioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Efficacy and Safety of Fluoride in Children: A Narrative Review

et al. 2021

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…It is highly electronegative, reactive ionic element and a member of the halogen family (Jha et al, ). Its elemental form is pale yellow, highly toxic and irritating gas (Kabir, Gupta, & Tripathy, ). Fluorapatite (Ca 5 (PO 4 ) 3 F), hydroxyapatite (Ca 5 (PO 4 ) 3 (OH)), fluorspar 51 (Ca 5 (PO 4 ) 3 F) and cryolite (Na 3 AlF 6 ) are the most common forms of F compounds (Farooqi et al, 2007a).…”

Section: Fluoride As a Toxicantmentioning

confidence: 99%

Environmental exposure of arsenic and fluoride and their combined toxicity: A recent update

Mondal

Chattopadhyay

2019

J of Applied Toxicology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Environmental exposure to arsenic (As) and fluoride (F) in the recent year has been increased because of excessive use of naturally contaminated ground water.Surface water is also regularly contaminated with these elements in various industrial areas. Arsenicosis and fluorosis upon individual exposure of As and F are reported in many studies. A syndrome of endemic As poisoning and fluorosis occurs during concurrent exposure of As and F. Previous reports showed synergistic, antagonistic and independent effects of these two compounds, although few recent reports also revealed antagonistic effects after co-exposure. Interaction during intestinal absorption and influence of F on As metabolism might be the cause of antagonism. The synergism/antagonism is thought to depend on the dose and duration of the co-exposure. However, the detailed mechanism is still not fully understood and needs further studies. Removal technologies of As and F from contaminated water is available but removal of such contaminants from food is yet to be developed. Antioxidants are useful to mitigate the toxic effects of As and F. This review focused on the effect of co-exposure, amelioration as well as removal techniques of As and F. K E Y W O R D Samelioration, arsenic, co-exposure, fluoride, mixture effect, removal technology

show abstract

“…humans (Annadurai et al, 2014;Choubisa, 2018a;Kabir et al, 2019;Dharmaratne, 2019) and animals (Choubisa, 2018b;Panchal and Sheikh, 2017;Yuan et al, 2019). In plants elevated levels of Fexposure reduces germination, growth and productivity (Chakrabarti et al, 2013;Tyagi et al, 2017;Ahmed et al, 2019).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fluoride contamination in wetlands of Kuttanad, India: Predisposing edaphic factors

Roshni¹,

Harikumar²

2021

Eurasian Journal of Soil Science (Ejss)

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Article InfoFluoride contamination has now become an emerging concern in agroecosystems. A diagnostic survey was conducted across the fluoride (F -) contaminated wetlands of Kuttanad, India with an aim to examine the influence of edaphic factors on Fconcentration in soils. The soils (Inceptisols) predominantly sandy had a substantial percentage of clay and the soil characteristics such as bulk density (BD), moisture, temperature, pH, electrical conductivity (EC), cation exchange capacity (CEC) and organic carbon (OC) varied with soils. Similarly, the soil nutrients (NPK) and the oxides of Fe and Al as well as total sesquioxide differed with soils. Principal component analysis (PCA) revealed that the first two components (PC1 and PC2) significantly explained the variability existed in the data while the third component (PC3) did not explain any variation compared to the first two components. PC1, PC2 and PC3 accounted for 52.2%, 12.7% and 11.3% of the variation in the profiles respectively. Out of soil samples, 53% had a similar distribution of soil characteristics and Fconcentration and are grouped together in PC1 while, the remaining 47% of the samples had a similar distribution of characteristics and are grouped together in PC2. Among the soil characteristics examined, silt content, pH, EC, CEC, OC, N and P had a significant (P<0.001) positive association along PC1 indicating that these factors are contributing to the augmentation of Fconcentration in the wetlands of Kuttanad.

show abstract

Fluoride and human health: Systematic appraisal of sources, exposures, metabolism, and toxicity

Cited by 141 publications

References 316 publications

Efficacy and Safety of Fluoride in Children: A Narrative Review

Efficacy and Safety of Fluoride in Children: A Narrative Review

Environmental exposure of arsenic and fluoride and their combined toxicity: A recent update

Fluoride contamination in wetlands of Kuttanad, India: Predisposing edaphic factors

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About