Fluoride Availability in Human Saliva after Dentifrice Use: Correlation with Anticaries Effects in Rats

Much more than mechanical biofilm removal, toothbrushing with fluoride toothpastes is an effective way of increasing the availability of fluoride in the oral cavity to reduce demineralization and enhance remineralization of enamel and dentine. These effects of fluoride toothpastes have been estimated by a wide range of laboratory and human studies, which have helped to develop anticaries effective formulations and understand their mechanism of action. These studies have focused on the availability of fluoride in the toothpaste formulations, its bioavailability in saliva and remnants of disturbed biofilm, its reaction with the dental substrate to form loosely bound reservoirs as well as the ultimate reduction of mineral loss and increase in mineral and fluoride content of caries lesions. The specifics of these modes of action and their application in in vitro, in situ and in vivo preclinical tests is presented and discussed.

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“…Afflitto et al [65] Correlation between salivary fluoride availability after fluoride toothpaste use and cariostatic efficacy (in a rat model)…”

Section: Fluoride Bioavailable In Saliva and The Remaining Biofilm Bymentioning

confidence: 99%

Laboratory and Human Studies to Estimate Anticaries Efficacy of Fluoride Toothpastes

Tenuta

Cury²

2013

Monographs in Oral Science

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“…This residual fluoride present in the saliva after brushing probably reflects the slow elimination of fluoride from intraoral reservoirs, such as biofilms. 16,17 Further studies are needed to obtain more information about the remineralization process when fluoride and CPP-ACP are used in a randomized, controlled, double-blind trial. The aim of the present study is to evaluate the remineralization potential of CPP-ACP crèmes and to compare it with that of fluoride dentifrice products in artificial lesions on enamel surfaces using surface microhardness (SH) and cross-sectional hardness (CSH) as parameters in a randomized, controlled, double-blind, crossover in situ model.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of CPP-ACP on remineralization of artificial caries-like lesion: an in situ study

et al. 2020

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The purpose of this double-blind, randomized, crossover in situ study is to compare remineralization of preformed enamel lesions by casein phosphopeptide-stabilized amorphous calcium phosphate (CPP-ACP) and fluoride dentifrice products. During each of four 10-day experimental legs, 10 participants wore intraoral removable palatal acrylic appliances with four human enamel slabs with preformed lesions. A 0.03-mL treatment paste was dripped extraorally onto the enamel blocks once a day for 3 min. The four randomly allocated treatments were as follows: CO-Control: silica dentifrice without fluoride; MP: MI Paste; MPP: MI Paste Plus and FD: Fluoride dentifrice-1100 ppm F as NaF). Knoop surface hardness (SH) test was performed in three stages (T0-sound enamel, T1-after preformed lesion, and T2-after treatment) and the cross-sectional hardness (CSH) test was performed after treatment using a 50-gram Knoop load for 15 s. Knoop hardness number (KHN) was similar between treatments. %SHr was significantly higher in the MP, FD, and MPP when compared to CO group (Kruskal-Wallis and Mann-Whitney tests, p < 0.05). Harder enamel was found in MP (75 μm) and FD groups at 75 to 175 μm. Treatment with DF, MP, and MPP promoted an increase of 20.27%, 19.24%, and 14.71%, respectively, in Integral Hardness Change (ΔIHC) when compared to CO (p<0.05). Remineralizing agents (MP, MPP, and DF) were able to inhibit demineralization of human enamel subjected to high cariogenic challenge in situ. DF had the greatest preventive potential against the progression of carious lesions.

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“…The importance of these variables was estimated by comparing their impact to factors known to influence F À effectiveness, specifically dentifrice F À concentration 20 and rinsing behaviour 13,15,21,22 . As intraoral fluoride concentrations after brushing have been shown to correlate with incidence of caries [24][25][26] , some inference on the likely importance of these brushing behaviour characteristics to incidence of caries might be made.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effect of dentifrice quantity and toothbrushing behaviour on oral delivery and retention of fluoride in vivo

Creeth

Zero

Mau

et al. 2013

International Dental Journal

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While toothpaste FÀ concentration and rinsing regimen have well-characterised impacts on fluoride's effectiveness, other aspects of brushing regimen have much less well-established effects, in particular, dentifrice quantity and brushing duration. An in vivo study (n = 42) of oral fluoride delivery (i.e. oral disposition post-brushing), and retention (i.e. concentration of F À in saliva post-brushing, a known efficacy predictor), was performed to compare effects observed with those of dentifrice F À concentration and rinsing regimen. Subjects brushed with a NaF-silica dentifrice (Aquafresh Advanced, 1,150 ppm F À ) or a control dentifrice (250 ppm F À , same base), for 45, 60, 120 or 180 seconds with 0.5 or 1.5 g dentifrice, and rinsed with 15 ml water once or three times in a cross-over design. The F À concentration was measured in post-brushing expectorate, rinse and toothbrush washing samples, and in saliva between 5-120 minutes after brushing. Using 1.5 g versus 0.5 g dentifrice increased F À in all samples: oral retention of F À was almost doubled by this increase. Increasing duration of brushing had more complex effects. The amount of F À in the expectorate increased but decreased in both rinse and toothbrush washing samples. Oral F À retention increased, but only in the period 30-120 minutes after brushing. Over the ranges investigated, the order of importance on oral F À retention was: dentifrice F À concentration > quantity > rinsing regimen > brushing duration. Hence, increasing dentifrice quantity and, to a lesser extent, the duration of brushing, can elevate oral fluoride post-brushing. Evidence is accumulating that the importance of these variables to fluoride efficacy may have been underestimated.

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Fluoride Availability in Human Saliva after Dentifrice Use: Correlation with Anticaries Effects in Rats

Cited by 13 publications

References 13 publications

Laboratory and Human Studies to Estimate Anticaries Efficacy of Fluoride Toothpastes

Laboratory and Human Studies to Estimate Anticaries Efficacy of Fluoride Toothpastes

Effect of CPP-ACP on remineralization of artificial caries-like lesion: an in situ study

The effect of dentifrice quantity and toothbrushing behaviour on oral delivery and retention of fluoride in vivo

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