Fluorimetric Determination of Certain Phenothiazine Derivatives Using Eosin

Bioactive Phenothiazines and Benzo[a]phenothiazines: Spectroscopic Studies, and Biological and Biomedical Properties and Applications

“…For a number of years, several analytical methods have been proposed by various groups for the determination of phenothiazine and its derivatives in pharmaceutical formulations and biological fluids, including thin-layer chromatography (TLC) [51][52][53][54], high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) [55][56][57][58], spectrofluorimetry, either direct or with derivatization [59][60][61][62][63][64], flow-injection analysis (FIA) [10,[65][66][67][68][69][70][71][72][73] and other techniques [11,[74][75][76].…”

“…Therefore, in most cases the application of fluorimetric methods to phenothiazines requires the use of a preliminary step to convert them into strongly fluorescent derivatives. Earlier, chemical oxidation [60,61] and complexation reactions [62] were proposed to fulfil this goal, but they are rather time consuming and tedious processes. A more simple, rapid, precise and efficient approach consists of photochemically transforming the phenothiazines into strongly fluorescent phenothiazine sulphoxides by means of UV irradiation, which significantly improves their fluorimetric detection [63,64].…”

Utilization of Eosin Dye as an Ion Pairing Agent for Determination of Pharmaceuticals: A Brief Review

“…Moreover, the high sensitivity and specificity offered by this method are also higher and the drug compounds can be analyzed up to nano levels. As data are shown in table 1, these methods were widely used in quantitation of many pharmaceuticals compounds using eosin Y due to its simplicity, low cost, high sensitivity and wide concentration range [52][53][54][55][56][57][58][59][60][61][62][63][64][65][66][67][68].…”

Determination of Some Phenothiazines Compounds in Pharmaceuticals and Human Body Fluid by Electrocatalytic Oxidation at a Glassy Carbon Electrode Using Methylene Blue as a Mediator

“…Many methods have been reported for the individual determination of phenothiazines compounds, including spectrophotometry (Ramappa et al 1980;Livertoux et al 1981;Basavaiah et al 1998;El-Shabouri, 1985;Karpinska, 2000), (Gandhi et al 1984), HPLC (Stevenson et al 1981;Wallace et al 1981;Mehta, 1981), titrimetry (Walash et al 1983), and spectrofluorimetry (Zakhari et al 1985). With all these procedures, a prior extraction is required for the quantitation of these compounds in mixtures with other compounds or in complex matrices.…”