Fluoroscopic and Computed Tomographic Features of the Pharyngeal Airway in Obstructive Sleep Apnea

Suratt, Paul M.; Dee, Paul M.; Atkinson, Richard L.; Armstrong, Peter; Wilhoit, Stephen C.

doi:10.1097/00004728-198312000-00059

Cited by 86 publications

(125 citation statements)

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“…Studies using conventional computed tomography (CT) failed to identify any abnormal fat deposition in the immediate vicinity of the upper airway [16,17]. However, the development of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), which can make use of specially "weighted" images to detect fat, has led to the demonstration of increased fat deposition surrounding the collapsible segment of the pharynx in patients with OSA [18,19].…”

Section: Obesitymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…CT measurements of CSA of the nasopharynx, oropharynx, and hypopharynx have been reported in awake supine patients with OSA [16,17,[76][77][78]. All measurements were significantly reduced compared to control subjects in one study [16], which also failed to show any correlation between body mass index (BMI) and CT scan measurements.…”

Section: Assessment Of Upper Airway Calibrementioning

confidence: 99%

“…All measurements were significantly reduced compared to control subjects in one study [16], which also failed to show any correlation between body mass index (BMI) and CT scan measurements. In a second report, only the retropalatal region was significantly narrower in OSA patients [17]; whilst in a third, no differences were found between patients and controls [77]. Differences in the lung volume at which pharyngeal CSA was measured could partially account for the apparent differences between these studies [20].…”

Section: Assessment Of Upper Airway Calibrementioning

confidence: 99%

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Pathophysiology of obstructive sleep apnoea

Deegan¹,

McNicholas²

1995

Eur Respir J

264

183

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Arousal plays an important role in the termination of each apnoea, but may also contribute to the development of further apnoea, because of a reduction in respiratory drive related to the hypocapnia which results from postapnoeic hyperventilation. A cyclical pattern of repetitive obstructive apnoeas may result.A better understanding of the integrated pathophysiology of OSA should help in the development of new therapeutic techniques.

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Section: Obesitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Assessment Of Upper Airway Calibrementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Assessment Of Upper Airway Calibrementioning

confidence: 99%

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Pathophysiology of obstructive sleep apnoea

Deegan¹,

McNicholas²

1995

Eur Respir J

264

183

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“…The pathogenesis of OSA involves a collapsible upper airway dependent upon the upper airway dilator muscles for patency and normal respiration (5). While ventilation is normal in waking in patients with OSA, sleep-related reductions in motoneuronal activity of the upper-airway dilator result in collapse of the upper airway and apneas (6).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Serotonin-2A and 2C Receptor Gene Polymorphisms in Japanese Patients with Obstructive Sleep Apnea

et al. 2005

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Objective The serotonin (5-HT) 2A and 2C receptor subtype plays an important role in the maintenance of upper airway stability and normal breathing in obesity. Polymorphisms in the 5-HT 2A receptor gene (HTR2A) and 5-HT 2C receptor gene (HTR2C) are associated with various diseases. The aim of this study was to investigate whether or not the HTR2A/C genotypes are associated with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA).Methods The PCR-restriction fragment length polymorphism method was used to determine genotypes of the HTR2A/C gene. The genotype distributions and allele frequencies were statistically analyzed.Subjects We studied 177 consecutive male patients with excessive daytime somnolence and an apnea plus hypopnea number [apnea-hypopnea index (AHI)] of greater than five per hour of sleep established by full polysomnography. One hundred Japanese men in whom OSA was clinically excluded were randomly selected as a control group.Results Genotypes and allele frequencies of 102T/C polymorphism of the HTR2A and 796G/C polymorphism of the HTR2C did not differ between controls and patients with OSA. HTR2C polymorphism was considered inappropriate for association studies because of low frequency of the mutant allele. Multiple regression analysis showed that age and body mass index (BMI) were significantly associated with OSA, but HTR2A polymorphisms were not. HTR2A polymorphisms had no significant relationship with AHI or BMI, although further study with more samples will be needed for powerful statistical analyses.Conclusions

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“…1) Snoring is a noise produced by vibration of the soft palate and adjacent structures and represents partial obstruction due to narrowing of the upper airway at that site. 2) Snoring can be associated with obstructive sleep apnea which is influenced by obesity. 3) Insomnia usually takes one or more of the following forms: delay of sleep onset, ported that insomnia was strongly related to mental and physical health problems.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sleep Disturbances and Personality Type Test

Park¹

2015

Journal of Oral Medicine and Pain

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Purpose: The purpose of this study was to assess the association between sleep disturbances and personality type. Methods:Five hundred twenty-four college students in Gyeonggi-do completed the MyersBriggs Type Indicator (MBTI) and a questionnaire and collected data were analyzed by SAS 9.4 program. Results:Extroversion (E) type, sensation (S) type, and perceiving (P) type had significantly higher prevalence of insomnia than introversion (I) type (p<0.05), intuition (N) type (p<0.05), and judging (J) type (p<0.001), respectively. Tooth grinding, snoring and insomnia appeared to occur more frequently in feeling (F) type than in thinking (T) type. Tooth clenching, tooth grinding and snoring seemed to occur more frequently in S type than in N type. Insomnia occurred significantly the most frequently in sensation-feeling (SF) type (p<0.05). Tooth grinding and snoring seemed to occur the most frequently in SF type. A significantly increased percentage of sensation-perceiving (SP) type demonstrated insomnia (p<0.001). Tooth clenching, tooth grinding and snoring seemed to occur the most frequently in sensation-judging (SJ) type. Sensitive or nervous type of personality had significantly higher prevalence of insomnia than relaxed or general type of personality (p<0.01). A significantly increased percentage of subjects with bad general health status showed insomnia (p<0.0001). Tooth clenching and snoring seemed to occur the most frequently in subjects with bad general health status. A significantly decreased percentage of normal weight subjects demonstrated tooth grinding (p<0.05). Snoring occurred significantly the most frequently in overweight subjects (p<0.001). Tooth clenching showed significant correlation with stress (p<0.01) and personality (p<0.05). Snoring showed significant correlation with stress (p<0.05) and body weight (p<0.001). Insomnia showed significant correlation with stress (p<0.0001), personality (p<0.01), and general health status (p<0.0001). Conclusions:Sleep disturbances including tooth clenching and insomnia were associated with personality type and it is desirable to manage them considering personality type.

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Fluoroscopic and Computed Tomographic Features of the Pharyngeal Airway in Obstructive Sleep Apnea

Cited by 86 publications

References 0 publications

Pathophysiology of obstructive sleep apnoea

Pathophysiology of obstructive sleep apnoea

Serotonin-2A and 2C Receptor Gene Polymorphisms in Japanese Patients with Obstructive Sleep Apnea

Sleep Disturbances and Personality Type Test

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