Fluvio-estuarine deposits of the upper Silurian Si Ka Formation in the Dong Van Karst Plateau Geopark, Ha Giang Province, Vietnam.

The fossil record of terrestrialization documents notable shifts in the environmental and physiological tolerances of many animal and plant groups. However, for certain significant components of modern freshwater and terrestrial environments, the transition out of marine settings remains largely unconstrained. Ostracod crustaceans occupy an exceptional range of modern aquatic environments and are invaluable palaeoenvironmental indicators in the fossil record. However, pre-Carboniferous records of supposed non-marine and marginal marine ostracods are sparse, and the timing of their marine to non-marine transition has proven elusive. Here, we reassess the early environmental history of ostracods in light of new assemblages from the late Silurian of Vietnam. Two, low diversity but distinct ostracod assemblages are associated with estuarine deposits. This occurrence is consistent with previous incidental reports of ostracods occupying marginal and brackish settings through the late Silurian and Devonian. Therefore, ostracods were pioneering the occupation of marginal marine and estuarine settings 60 Myr before the Carboniferous and they were a component of the early phase of transition from marine to non-marine environments.

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Ostracods had colonized estuaries by the late Silurian

McGairy

Komatsu

Williams

et al. 2021

Biol. Lett.

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Ostracods from the Upper Silurian Si Ka Formation, Northern Vietnam, and Their Paleobiogeographical Significance

Williams

Komatsu

Nguyen

et al. 2023

Paleontological Research

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Fluvio-estuarine deposits of the upper Silurian Si Ka Formation in the Dong Van Karst Plateau Geopark, Ha Giang Province, Vietnam.

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Ostracods had colonized estuaries by the late Silurian

Ostracods had colonized estuaries by the late Silurian

Ostracods from the Upper Silurian Si Ka Formation, Northern Vietnam, and Their Paleobiogeographical Significance

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