Fluxes of N<sub>2</sub>O from farmed peat soils in Finland

Regina, Kristiina; Syväsalo, Eija; Hannukkala, Antti; Esala, Martti

doi:10.1111/j.1365-2389.2004.00622.x

Cited by 128 publications

(90 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…The lower carbon density of the 30-40 cm layer in Majnegården soil compared with the topsoil resulted in lower emission rates in the incubation study. The higher degree of decomposition in the topsoil from Örke than in the Majnegården topsoil indicates a more disintegrated organic material that might decompose more easily (Regina et al, 2004). The Örke soil was better aerated at low tensions, which also could explain the higher CO 2 emission rates from this soil ( Figure 6).…”

Section: Effect Of Soil Type On Emission Ratesmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…N 2 O emissions peaked during spring ( Figure 5), maybe due to the production of easily available nitrogen for micro-organisms by freeze-thaw cycles in winter (Regina et al, 2004), combined with the absence of plants competing for nitrogen. It is often reported that N 2 O emissions can be very erratic, characterized by high emissions during short time periods (Flessa et al, 1998) and with peaks during spring after thawing or during winter (Maljanen et al, 2003a;Regina et al, 2004).…”

Section: Effect Of Soil Type On Emission Ratesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It is often reported that N 2 O emissions can be very erratic, characterized by high emissions during short time periods (Flessa et al, 1998) and with peaks during spring after thawing or during winter (Maljanen et al, 2003a;Regina et al, 2004). According to Klemedtsson et al (2005), soil C/N ratio can be used as a good predictor of annual N 2 O emissions.…”

Section: Effect Of Soil Type On Emission Ratesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Several authors (Freeman et al, 1996;Aerts and Ludwig, 1997;Maljanen et al, 2001;Campbell et al, 2004;Lafleur et al, 2005;Nieveen et al, 2005) argue that the correlation between groundwater depth (and therefore top soil moisture content) and CO 2 emission is poor. N 2 O emissions from cultivated peat soils show a great variation in time and space and depend on a number of factors (Regina et al, 2004) such as drainage, peat type, climate and fertilisation. Initial lowering of the water table generally increases the N 2 O emission rate but the long-term influence of drainage depth is not as straightforward (Regina et al, 1996;Maljanen et al, 2003c;Klemedtsson et al, 2005) Many investigations of GHG emissions from peat soils have been conducted under uncontrolled conditions in the field (Nykänen et al, 1995;Freeman et al, 1996;Silvola et al, 1996;Flessa et al, 1998) or on disturbed soil samples (Freeman et al, 1996;Aerts and Ludwig, 1997;Best and Jacobs, 1997;Chapman and Thurlow, 1998) where the original structure of the peat profile and its characteristic hydrological features are lost.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Initial lowering of the water table generally increases the N 2 O emission rate but the long-term influence of drainage depth is not as straightforward (Regina et al, 1996;Maljanen et al, 2003c;Klemedtsson et al, 2005) Many investigations of GHG emissions from peat soils have been conducted under uncontrolled conditions in the field (Nykänen et al, 1995;Freeman et al, 1996;Silvola et al, 1996;Flessa et al, 1998) or on disturbed soil samples (Freeman et al, 1996;Aerts and Ludwig, 1997;Best and Jacobs, 1997;Chapman and Thurlow, 1998) where the original structure of the peat profile and its characteristic hydrological features are lost. Information on the peat soil profile and the properties of the soils has in many cases been lacking or insufficient (Freeman et al, 1996;Koizumi et al, 1999;Regina et al, 2004), which makes interpretation of the results difficult. An essential feature in this study is the emission measurements from intact soil cores together with the collection of associated soil property data.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Influence of water table level and soil properties on emissions of greenhouse gases from cultivated peat soil

Berglund

2011

Soil Biology and Biochemistry

138

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A lysimeter method using undisturbed soil columns was used to investigate the effect of water table depth and soil properties on soil organic matter decomposition and greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions from cultivated peat soils. The study was carried out using cultivated organic soils from two locations in Sweden: Örke, a typical cultivated fen peat with low pH and high organic matter content and Majnegården, a more uncommon fen peat type with high pH and low organic matter content. Even though carbon and nitrogen contents differ greatly between the sites, carbon and nitrogen density are quite similar. A drilling method with minimal soil disturbance was used to collect 12 undisturbed soil monoliths (50 cm high, ⌀29.5 cm) per site. They were sown with ryegrass (Lolium perenne) after the original vegetation was removed. The lysimeter design allowed the introduction of water at depth so as to maintain a constant water table at either 40 cm or 80 cm below the soil surface. CO 2 , CH 4 and N 2 O emissions from the lysimeters were measured weekly and complemented with incubation experiments with small undisturbed soil cores subjected to different tensions (5, 40, 80 and 600 cm water column). CO 2 emissions were greater from the treatment with the high water table level (40 cm) compared with the low level (80 cm). N 2 O emissions peaked in springtime and CH 4 emissions were very low or negative. Estimated GHG emissions during one year were between 2.70 and 3.55 kg CO 2 equivalents m -2 . The results from the incubation experiment were in agreement with emissions results from the lysimeter experiments. We attribute the observed differences in GHG emissions between the soils to the contrasting dry matter liability and soil physical properties. The properties of the different soil layers will determine the effect of water table regulation. Lowering the water table without exposing new layers with easily decomposable material would have a limited effect on emission rates.

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Section: Effect Of Soil Type On Emission Ratesmentioning

confidence: 96%

Section: Effect Of Soil Type On Emission Ratesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Effect Of Soil Type On Emission Ratesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Influence of water table level and soil properties on emissions of greenhouse gases from cultivated peat soil

Berglund

2011

Soil Biology and Biochemistry

138

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N₂O fluxes from a Haplic Luvisol under intensive production of lettuce and cauliflower as affected by different N‐fertilization strategies

Pfab

Palmer

Buegger

et al. 2010

Z. Pflanzenernähr. Bodenk.

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Vegetable‐production systems often show high soil mineral‐N contents and, thus, are potential sources for the release of the climate‐relevant trace gas N2O from soils. Despite numerous investigations on N2O fluxes, information on the impact of vegetable‐production systems on N2O emissions in regions with winter frost is still rare. This present study aimed at measuring the annual N2O emissions and the total yield of a lettuce–cauliflower rotation at different fertilization rates on a Haplic Luvisol in a region exposed to winter frost (S Germany). We measured N2O emissions from plots fertilized with 0, 319, 401, and 528 kg N ha–1 (where the latter three amounts represented a strongly reduced N‐fertilization strategy, a target value system [TVS] in Germany, and the N amount fertilized under good agricultural practices). The N2O release from the treatments was 2.3, 5.7, 8.8, and 10.6 kg N2O‐N ha–1 y–1, respectively. The corresponding emission factors calculated on the basis of the total N input ranged between 1.3% and 1.6%. Winter emission accounted for 45% of the annual emissions, and a major part occurred after the incorporation of cauliflower residues. The annual N2O emission was positively correlated with the nitrate content of the top soil (0–25 cm) and with the N surpluses of the N balance. Reducing the amount of N fertilizer applied significantly reduced N2O fluxes. Since there was no significant effect on yields if fertilization was reduced from 528 kg N ha–1 according to “good agricultural practice” to 401 kg N ha–1 determined by the TVS, we recommend this optimized fertilization strategy.

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Natural and Restored Wetland Buffers in Reducing Sediment and Nutrient Export from Forested Catchments: Finnish Experiences

Nieminen

Kaila

Koskinen

et al. 2014

The Role of Natural and Constructed Wetlands in Nutrient Cycling and Retention on the Landscape

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One of the water quality management practices in forested catchments is to construct wetland buffers between managed areas and recipient water courses. Wetland buffers can be constructed simply by routing runoff from forested areas to natural peatlands and wetlands, or by rewetting lower sections of drained peatlands by filling in or blocking the drainage ditches. The use of natural and restored wetland buffers for reducing nutrient and sediment export from forested catchments, particularly catchments dominated by forestry-drained peatlands, has been studied actively in Finland during the last 15 years. The studies have shown highly variable retention capacity for wetland buffers with different site characteristics and under different environmental conditions. In favorable conditions, high amounts of sediments and adhered mineral elements may be deposited within peat and surface vegetation of the buffer. Dissolved nutrients can be retained biologically into plant

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Fluxes of N₂O from farmed peat soils in Finland

Cited by 128 publications

References 18 publications

Influence of water table level and soil properties on emissions of greenhouse gases from cultivated peat soil

Influence of water table level and soil properties on emissions of greenhouse gases from cultivated peat soil

N₂O fluxes from a Haplic Luvisol under intensive production of lettuce and cauliflower as affected by different N‐fertilization strategies

Natural and Restored Wetland Buffers in Reducing Sediment and Nutrient Export from Forested Catchments: Finnish Experiences

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Fluxes of N2O from farmed peat soils in Finland

Cited by 128 publications

References 18 publications

Influence of water table level and soil properties on emissions of greenhouse gases from cultivated peat soil

Influence of water table level and soil properties on emissions of greenhouse gases from cultivated peat soil

N2O fluxes from a Haplic Luvisol under intensive production of lettuce and cauliflower as affected by different N‐fertilization strategies

Natural and Restored Wetland Buffers in Reducing Sediment and Nutrient Export from Forested Catchments: Finnish Experiences

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About

Fluxes of N₂O from farmed peat soils in Finland

N₂O fluxes from a Haplic Luvisol under intensive production of lettuce and cauliflower as affected by different N‐fertilization strategies