Fluxes of nitrous oxide and methane, and nitrogen leaching from organically and conventionally cultivated sandy soil in western Finland

Syväsalo, Eija; Regina, Kristiina; Туртола, Эйла; Lemola, Riitta; Esala, Martti

doi:10.1016/j.agee.2005.10.013

Cited by 56 publications

(29 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…Although GHG emissions of organic farming systems have been investigated in Europe and North America (Flessa et al 2002;Kramer et al 2006;Petersen et al 2006;Syvä salo et al 2006), GHG emission has not yet been investigated in Japanese organic farming systems, as far as we know. Andosol, which generally contains much higher concentrations of soil organic carbon, covers >50% of the total upland arable area in Japan (Oda et al 1987;Shoji et al 1993).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Emissions of carbon dioxide, methane, and nitrous oxide from short- and long-term organic farming Andosols in central Japan

Nagano

Kato²,

Ohkubo³

et al. 2012

Soil Science and Plant Nutrition

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Here we have investigated the emission of carbon dioxide (CO 2 ), methane (CH 4 ), and nitrous oxide (N 2 O) from long-and short-term organic farming Andosols in Matsumoto city of Nagano, in central Japan. We focus on three upland plots in Matsumoto, distinguished by how long they had each experienced continuous organic farming ( , respectively. Greenhouse gas (GHG) balance was calculated at -52 and 97 g CO 2 -C equivalent m -2 in M39-OF and M1F-OF, respectively. Negative GHG balance indicated that M39-OF was acting as a GHG sink, with higher CH 4 absorption than M1F-OF. Further, this beneficial function for global warming was thought to be based on its cultivation system, which had included green manure application since 2001. The difference in gas exchange between incubation and field experiments was considered a reason for the difference in N 2 O emission between incubation and field experiments.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Emissions of carbon dioxide, methane, and nitrous oxide from short- and long-term organic farming Andosols in central Japan

Nagano

Kato²,

Ohkubo³

et al. 2012

Soil Science and Plant Nutrition

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“…Furthermore, the conversion of conventional synthetic nitrogen fertilization to organic fertilizer practice in tea plantations has been identified as a feasible measure in the aspects of promoting soil carbon sequestration and ameliorating soil pH (Han et al, 2013b;Wang et al, 2014). On the other hand, organic fertilization systems have been shown to substantially affect N 2 O emissions compared with conventional management practices, but the influence can be either stimulatory (Akiyama and Tsuruta, 2003a, b;Syväsalo et al, 2006) or marginal and even inhibitory (Akiyama and Tsuruta, 2003b;Burger et al, 2005;Petersen et al, 2006;Kramer et al, 2006). Although these studies have demonstrated that organic fertilizer practices may improve soil quality and influence nitrogenous gas fluxes in some agricultural systems, no study has specifically compared N 2 O and NO emissions in response to organic and synthetic nitrogen fertilizer application in tea plantations to our knowledge.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Organically fertilized tea plantation stimulates N<sub>2</sub>O emissions and lowers NO fluxes in subtropical China

et al. 2015

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Abstract. Tea plantations are rapidly expanding in China and other countries in the tropical and subtropical zones, but so far there are very few studies including direct measurements of nitrogenous gas fluxes from tea plantations. On the basis of 2-year field measurements from 2012 to 2014, we provided an insight into the assessment of annual nitrous oxide (N 2 O) and nitric oxide (NO) fluxes from Chinese subtropical tea plantations under three practices of conventional urea application, alternative oilcake incorporation and no nitrogen fertilization. Clearly, the N 2 O and NO fluxes exhibited large intra-and inter-annual variations, and furthermore, their temporal variability could be well described by a combination of soil environmental factors including soil mineral N, water-filled pore space and temperature, based on a revised "hole-in-the-pipe" model. Averaged over a 2-year study, annual background N 2 O and NO emissions were approximately 4.0 and 1.6 kg N ha −1 yr −1 , respectively. Compared to no nitrogen fertilization, both urea and oilcake application significantly stimulated annual N 2 O and NO emissions, amounting to 14.4-32.7 kg N 2 O-N ha −1 yr −1 and at least 12.3-19.4 kg NO-N ha −1 yr −1 , respectively. In comparison with conventional urea treatment, on average, the application of organic fertilizer significantly increased N 2 O emission by 71 % but decreased NO emission by 22 %. Although the magnitude of N 2 O and NO fluxes was substantially influenced by the source of N, the annual direct emission factors of N fertilizer were estimated to be 2.8-5.9, 2.7-4.0 and 6.8-9.1 % for N 2 O, NO and N 2 O+NO, respectively, which are significantly higher than those defaults for global upland croplands. This indicated that the rarely determined N 2 O and NO formation appeared to be a significant pathway in the nitrogen cycle of tea plantations, which are a potential source of national nitrogenous gases inventory.

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“…Pierzynski and Gehl (2005) showed that some of the N saved from NH 3 emissions may have been lost as N 2 O from slurry injected fields. In a Finnish study, however, only ca 0.7% of cattle slurry N incorporated with a disc was lost as N 2 O fluxes (Syväsalo et al 2006, Perälä et al 2006. Ammonium can also be fixed into clay minerals or nitrate can be leached into subsurface drains or ground water.…”

Section: Nitrogen Balance and Fate Of Nitrogenmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nitrogen losses from grass ley after slurry application surface broadcasting vs. injection

Uusi-Kämppä¹,

Mattila²

2008

AFSci

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As the livestock numbers on Finnish dairy farms have increased and most fields on dairy farms are under grass, it has become common to spread cattle slurry over grasslands. To estimate environmental effects of recurrent slurry applications, a 5-year field study was performed to compare nitrogen (N) losses to water and ammonia losses to air by volatilization, when cattle slurry was either surface broadcast or injected into clay soil after grass cuttings. Slurry was spread on the grass in summer (19961997) or both in summer and autumn (19982000). Biomass N uptake before grass harvesting and amount of soil mineral N in spring and autumn were measured and field N balances were calculated. Despite cool weather, up to one third of the ammonium N of broadcast slurries was lost through ammonia volatilization after application in autumn, but injection effectively prevented losses. The mean surface runoff losses of total N were negligible (0.34.6 kg ha-1 yr-1) with the highest loss of 13 kg ha-1 yr-1 measured after slurry broadcasting to wet soil in autumn and followed with heavy rains. A substantial part (2455%) of the applied mineral N was not recovered by the foregoing measurements.;

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Fluxes of nitrous oxide and methane, and nitrogen leaching from organically and conventionally cultivated sandy soil in western Finland

Cited by 56 publications

References 26 publications

Emissions of carbon dioxide, methane, and nitrous oxide from short- and long-term organic farming Andosols in central Japan

Emissions of carbon dioxide, methane, and nitrous oxide from short- and long-term organic farming Andosols in central Japan

Organically fertilized tea plantation stimulates N<sub>2</sub>O emissions and lowers NO fluxes in subtropical China

Nitrogen losses from grass ley after slurry application surface broadcasting vs. injection

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Fluxes of nitrous oxide and methane, and nitrogen leaching from organically and conventionally cultivated sandy soil in western Finland

Cited by 56 publications

References 26 publications

Emissions of carbon dioxide, methane, and nitrous oxide from short- and long-term organic farming Andosols in central Japan

Emissions of carbon dioxide, methane, and nitrous oxide from short- and long-term organic farming Andosols in central Japan

Organically fertilized tea plantation stimulates N&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;O emissions and lowers NO fluxes in subtropical China

Nitrogen losses from grass ley after slurry application surface broadcasting vs. injection

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Organically fertilized tea plantation stimulates N<sub>2</sub>O emissions and lowers NO fluxes in subtropical China