Foam Application of Phosphonium Salt Flame Retardants

Abstract

Applications of flame retardant treatments for cotton fabrics using foamed phos phonium salt precondensates are discussed. Examples of applications to cotton twill, jersey knit, flannel, interlock knits, and chambray are used to compare the pad/dry and foam techniques. Using criteria developed specifically for tubular jersey knits, a process for handling double layer fabrics for flame retardant treatments is revealed. While the data do not indicate significant improvements in finish utilization by the foam process, the predrying step can be eliminated and the study provides an alter native to padding and drying for maintaining the critical moisture and finish level on fabric by metering on the foamed finish.

Application Technologies for Functional Finishing of Textile Materials

“…There [24,29,30]. As seen in the figures, there have been much improvement in the profiles of foam applicators in time in order to prevent the problems such as non-uniform and uneven applications during processes.…”

“…Application Technologies for Functional Finishing of Textile Materials DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.95956 to 100% for a conventional pad application [27,29,30]. For synthetic fabrics, wet pick up ratio of foam application is in the range of 3-10% whereas it is 35-60% in conventional padding.…”

Review of foam applications on cotton textiles

“…The foam approach did not have a substantial advantage over the traditional process in terms of the flame-retardant property. 103…”

“…The foam approach did not have a substantial advantage over the traditional process in terms of the flame-retardant property. 103 In another study, the authors prepared multifunctional cotton cloths using flame-retardant, antimicrobial, and water-repellent agents. For this, a foam system applied 400 g/L dialkyl phosphono carboxylic acid amide (flame retardant) to cotton fabric.…”

Foam properties and application in dyeing cotton fabrics with reactive dyes

“…Silk fibre was not submerged in the bath and suffered less damage when foam technology was used. In the 1970s and 1980s, because of energy shortages and rising energy costs, foam technology received a great deal of attention and was applied in continuous production, including foam mercerisation , foam dyeing , foam printing , and foam finishing . Foam dyeing, which required an excellent levelness of dyeing, made high demands on equipment, so at that time it was applied only in the dyeing of pile fabric, such as carpet.…”