Focal cutaneous mucinosis after knee replacement: A rare entity successfully treated with intralesional polidocanol

Case report and review of solitary cutaneous focal mucinosis: a unique primary cutaneous mucinosis unrelated to mucinosis-associated systemic diseases

“…The cutaneous focal mucinosis lesions were associated with a prepatellar ganglion cyst that had dissected, via multiple channels, to the skin. All the lesions resolved without recurrence at two year follow-up, after two treatments sessions, three weeks apart, in which the cystic lesions were aspirated and then injected with one percent polidocanol solution [20].…”

“…Some patients only have two or three lesions [11,19]. However, there are several individuals who have multiple lesions [12][13][14][15][16][17][18]20]. Schneider et al, in 1991, suggested a new classification for cutaneous focal mucinosis and defined two subtypes: (1) digital mucous or myxoid cyst and (2) extradigital cutaneous focal mucinoses [17].…”

“…The dermal mucin-associated systemic diseases include not only thyroid disease, but also papular mucinosis, scleromyxedema (which can be associated with an underlying gammopathy), and lupus erythematosus [1]. Hence, similar to individuals with solitary cutaneous focal mucinosis, some of the cutaneous focal mucinosis patients with multiple lesions have had laboratory studies [13,14,17,18,20]. These have included some or all of the following: thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH), thyroxine (T4), triiodothyronine T3), thyroid antibodies (antimicrosomal, antiperoxidase and antithyroglobulin), serum protein electrophoresis, antinuclear antibody (ANA), double strand deoxyribonucleic acid (dsDNA) antibody, Sjogren syndrome A (SSA)/Ro antibody, Sjogren syndrome B (SSB)/La antibody, Smith antibody, ribonucleic protein (RNP) antibody, and scleroderma 70 (scl70) antibody.…”

“…Spontaneous involution of the right leg cutaneous focal mucinosis lesions occurred in a 57-year-old man with diabetes mellitus within four months of diagnosis [16]. Another patient, a 54-year-old woman with multiple cutaneous focal mucinosis lesions on her trunk and extremities of five years' duration, whose diagnosis of goitrogenic hypothyroidism was established during the hospitalization for the resection of her right upper lobe lung adenocarcinoma, also experienced spontaneous resolution of her cutaneous focal mucinosis lesions within four months after starting Lthyroxine, which resulted in her becoming euthyroid (clinically and biochemically) after two months of Dermatology Online Journal || Case Report treatment [20]. Similarly, a 62-year-old patient also with adenocarcinoma of the lung had a three month history of developing flesh-colored infiltrative plaques of cutaneous focal mucinosis on the frontooccipital scalp.…”

New and emerging conditions of acquired cutaneous mucinoses in adults

“…A cystic-like appearance with well-demarcated space filled with mucin and a pseudocapsule made by the circumscribed fibrous wall without epithelial line was observed in one patient while a plaque-like cutaneous mucinosis pattern, including enlarged interstitial spaces filled with mucin, marked vascular dilation, and a dense lymphocytic perivascular infiltrate was observed in the last (4th) patient. 39 Pathogenesis Why trauma can trigger mucin skin deposition is unclear, but it is thought to be a reactive process arising because of the dysfunction of fibroblasts into a circumscribed area. Chronic antigenic stimulation, inflammation, and viral infections could account for the observed features.…”