Focusing of linearly-, and circularly polarized Gaussian background vortex beams by a high numerical aperture system afflicted with third-order astigmatism

Singh, Rakesh Kumar; Senthilkumaran, P.; Singh, Kehar

doi:10.1016/j.optcom.2008.09.036

Cited by 10 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 43 publications

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“…e focal plane intensity distribution under the influence of spherical aberration [419][420][421][422], astigmatism [329,330,423,424] and coma [425][426][427][428] are also studied. Astigmatism was used to invert the sign of the topological charge of a vortex [429].…”

Section: Literature Survey Of Phase and Polarization Singularitiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phase Singularities to Polarization Singularities

Ruchi

Senthilkumaran

Pal

2020

International Journal of Optics

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Polarization singularities are superpositions of orbital angular momentum (OAM) states in orthogonal circular polarization basis. The intrinsic OAM of light beams arises due to the helical wavefronts of phase singularities. In phase singularities, circulating phase gradients and, in polarization singularities, circulating ϕ12 Stokes phase gradients are present. At the phase and polarization singularities, undefined quantities are the phase and ϕ12 Stokes phase, respectively. Conversion of circulating phase gradient into circulating Stokes phase gradient reveals the connection between phase (scalar) and polarization (vector) singularities. We demonstrate this by theoretically and experimentally generating polarization singularities using phase singularities. Furthermore, the relation between scalar fields and Stokes fields and the singularities in each of them is discussed. This paper is written as a tutorial-cum-review-type article keeping in mind the beginners and researchers in other areas, yet many of the concepts are given novel explanations by adopting different approaches from the available literature on this subject.

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Section: Literature Survey Of Phase and Polarization Singularitiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phase Singularities to Polarization Singularities

Ruchi

Senthilkumaran

Pal

2020

International Journal of Optics

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“…The focusing of a linearly and circularly polarized Gaussian background vortex beam by a high-numerical-aperture system afflicted with third-order astigmatism has been investigated by using the vectorial Debye-Wolf integral [1]. The propagation of Gaussian vortex beams has been investigated in uniaxial crystals orthogonal to the optical axis [2]. The analytical expression of Gaussian vortex beams has been derived in free space, and the singularities of the phase and the polarization have been examined [3,4].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Vectorial structural properties of a Gaussian vortex beam in the far-field

Zhou

Zhang

Ru³

2015

Laser Phys.

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In the far-field, the Gaussian vortex beam is just a sum of the TE and TM terms. The TE and TM terms are called the vectorial structure. The vectorial structural properties of a Gaussian vortex beam, which are related to the energy flux distributions of the Gaussian vortex beam and its TE and TM terms, are investigated in the far-field. The analytical expressions of the energy flux distributions of the Gaussian vortex beam and its TE and TM terms are derived in the far-field. The integral expressions of the power, the beam widths, the divergence angles, and the kurtosis parameters of the TE term, the TM term, and the Gaussian vortex beam are also derived in the far-field, which are concise and convenient to calculate. The relations of the beam widths, the far-field divergence angles, and the kurtosis parameters among the TE term, the TM term, and the Gaussian vortex beam are presented, respectively. The energy flux distributions of the Gaussian vortex beam and its TE and TM terms are demonstrated in the far-field plane. The influences of the beam parameters and the topological charge on the contributions of the TE and TM terms to the whole power, the beam widths, the far-field divergence angles, and the kurtosis parameters are numerically examined.

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“…The influence of primary aberrations on the donut-shaped laser is one of the fundamental problems which deforms the irradiance distribution and might cause a serious decline in resolution. Some scientists have studied the impact of such aberrations, such as the group of R K Singh which analyzed the spherical aberration, coma and astigmatism effects on the focal spot of a Laguerre-Gaussian beam with different topological charges [7][8][9]. S H Deng studied the aberrations in the simulated emission microscope and revealed the individual primary aberration effects on the donut-shaped depletion laser [10,11].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multiple primary aberrations effect on donut-shaped laser beam in high NA focusing system

Zhang

Wang

et al. 2014

J. Opt.

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A donut-shaped laser that is simultaneously impacted by the coma, astigmatism and spherical aberrations in a high NA focusing system is numerically simulated based on the vectorial diffraction theory. The full-width half-maximum, intensity characters, and dimensions of the dark cores of the donut-shaped laser on the focal plane are quantitatively analyzed. The results are highly consistent with the annular-shaped nano-patterns that are experimentally fabricated by our purpose-built laser direct writing system. The mechanism of asymmetric nano-patterns fabricated through laser writing lithography is also revealed.

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Focusing of linearly-, and circularly polarized Gaussian background vortex beams by a high numerical aperture system afflicted with third-order astigmatism

Cited by 10 publications

References 43 publications

Phase Singularities to Polarization Singularities

Phase Singularities to Polarization Singularities

Vectorial structural properties of a Gaussian vortex beam in the far-field

Multiple primary aberrations effect on donut-shaped laser beam in high NA focusing system

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