2016
DOI: 10.1111/bcpt.12665
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Foetal Fentanyl Exposure and Ion Trapping after Intravenous and Transdermal Administration to the Ewe

Abstract: Opioids given to pregnant and parturient women are relatively freely transferred across the placenta. Spinal, epidural and intravenous fentanyl has been studied in pregnant women and neonates, but foetal safety of fentanyl dosing with transdermal patch during pregnancy and labour is not sufficiently studied. Foetal pH is physiologically lower than maternal pH, and thus, opioids, which are weak bases, are ionized and may cumulate to foetus. Foetal asphyxia may further worsen acidosis, and ion trapping induced b… Show more

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Cited by 9 publications
(4 citation statements)
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“…Furthermore, fetal blood pH is lower in comparison to the maternal one. This leads to ionization and trapping of weak bases in the fetus [35] and conversely a relative trapping of weak acids on the maternal side. Some other parameters can exert influence directly or indirectly on transfer through the placenta.…”
Section: Depending On the Localization And Function Transporters Maymentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Furthermore, fetal blood pH is lower in comparison to the maternal one. This leads to ionization and trapping of weak bases in the fetus [35] and conversely a relative trapping of weak acids on the maternal side. Some other parameters can exert influence directly or indirectly on transfer through the placenta.…”
Section: Depending On the Localization And Function Transporters Maymentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Fetal exposure is a concern when using opioids during pregnancy. Oxycodone, like other opioids, crosses the placenta freely, which becomes clinically important because higher doses can cause fetal sedation and compromise respiratory and neurological function immediately after birth.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Theophylline is a weak base (one pKa equals to 8.6) and nevirapine is amphoteric (one pKa equals to 2.8). Because the fetal blood pH is lower in comparison to the maternal one, this could lead to the trapping of weak bases in the fetus and inversely weak acids in the mother (Heikkinen et al 2017).…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%