Folate conjugated carboxymethyl chitosan–manganese doped zinc sulphide nanoparticles for targeted drug delivery and imaging of cancer cells

Approaches for Functional Modification or Cross‐Linking of Chitosan

“…It is an excellent candidate for the preparation of membrane materials, which are used in filtration processes [99]. Nanoparticles of O-CMC [2,4,18] and N,O-CMC [18,19] have been prepared via the cross-linking reaction with CaCl 2 and TPP, respectively.…”

“…In another report, 5-aminosalicylic acid-loaded carboxymethyl chitosan-starch nanoparticles were developed via a complex coacervation process for colon-specific drug delivery [130]. 5-fluorouracil-loaded folate-conjugated manganese-doped zinc sulfide-O-carboxymethyl chitosan nanoparticles were reported by our group for targeted drug delivery, with potential usefulness in cancer therapy [2]. From our studies [129], it was confirmed that the system was able to deliver the anticancer drug (5-fluorouracil) along with simultaneous imaging of cancer cells without affecting their metabolic activity and morphology under in vitro conditions.…”

“…The primary amine groups render special properties that make chitosan very useful in pharmaceutical applications. Chitosan's nontoxicity, biodegradability, and biocompatibility make it suitable for various biomedical applications such as in drug delivery [1][2][3][4], gene delivery [5,6], wound dressing [7][8][9][10][11], and tissue engineering [12,13]. Given the wide and diverse range of potential applications, chitosan may be chemically modified so as to maximize the polymer processability, solubility, the antimicrobial activity, and ability to interact with other substances.…”

Targeted Nanoparticles for Cancer Therapy

“…Normal tissues express insignificant level of FR-α and low level of FR-(such as liver), and FR-is only found in haematopoietic cells. However, FR-α and FR-are vastly overexpressed in many human tumors such as uterus, colon, lung, prostate, ovaries, mammary glands, nose, throat and brain [11,[107][108] which makes it a rational target for drug delivery to tumor tissues. At the tumor site, FA has a very high affinity for tumor cell surface FR and the complex is rapidly internalized into tumor cells (3x10 5 FA molecules/h) [109].…”

Supramolecular micellar nanoaggregates based on a novel chitosan/vitamin E succinate copolymer for paclitaxel selective delivery

“…Secondly, nanomicelles formed by chitosan derivatives generally carry a positive charge on their surface, which contributes to the bioadhesive ability of the formulation and gene delivery by forming complexes with negatively charged deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA). 20 Thirdly, it possesses good amenability to functional surface modification (eg, folic acid 21 and polyethylene glycol 22 ) due to the high number of available hydroxyl and amino groups on the surface. In the past decade, polymeric micelles based on chitosan have been developed rapidly, and much progress has been made.…”