Folate Fortification for the Prevention of Birth Defects: Case Study

Feinleib, Manning; Beresford, Shirley A.A.; Bowman, Barbara A.; Mills, James L.; Rader, Jeanne I.; Selhub, Jacob; Yetley, Elizabeth A

doi:10.1093/aje/154.12.s60

Cited by 17 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 31 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…Para uma política de saúde pública, os custos e a efetividade do enriquecimento dos alimentos com ácido fólico indicam que este seria o caminho mais adequado (Feinleib et al, 2001).…”

Section: Suplementação De áCido Fólico Em Um Programa De Saúde Públicaunclassified

Semana da conscientização sobre a importânciado ácido fólico

Nasser¹,

Nobre²,

Mesquita³

et al. 2005

J. epilepsy clin. neurophysiol.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

RESUMONa primeira semana de outubro, a Associação Brasileira de Epilepsia (ABE) comemorou a "Semana de Conscientização sobre a Importância do Ácido Fólico" atuando em ambulatórios de Ginecologia, Epilepsia e na Casa da Mulher. Esta campanha consistiu em levar informações às mulheres sobre a importância em manter níveis adequados desta vitamina no organismo, especialmente nas que tomam drogas antiepilépticas, em gestantes e naquelas planejando engravidar. Na ocasião foi aplicado um breve questionário a respeito da informação que tinham sobre esta necessidade. Foi distribuída uma cartilha com informações sobre a importância do ácido fólico e pulseiras comemorativas representativas da campanha. Em paralelo foi realizada pesquisa para verificar o cumprimento da Lei Federal de 13 de dezembro de 2002 que obrigou a fortificação com ferro e ácido fólico em farinhas de trigo e de milho e seus derivados. Unitermos: Semana de Conscientização sobre a Importância do Ácido Fólico; deficiência de ácido fólico; vitamina B9. ABSTRACT Week of Awareness About the Importance of Folic AcidIn the first week of October, the Associação Brasileira de Epilepsia (ABE) celebrated the Week of Awareness of the importance of folic acid. On this occasion, representatives of the ABE were present in Women's Outpatient Clinics such as Gynecology, Epilepsy Clinic and that of the Woman's Home giving information to women about the importance of maintaining adequate levels of this vitamin in the organism. It was especially emphasized for those who were taking antiepileptic drugs as well as those who were pregnant or planning pregnancy. At that time, a brief questionnaire was applied regarding the information they had about this necessity. A booklet containing information regarding the importance of folic acid and wristbands as tokens of the commemoration were distributed. Besides this, a survey was done related to the observation of the Federal Law of December 13, 2002, which enforced the strengthening of wheat and corn flour and their derivatives with iron and folic acid.

show abstract

“…Para uma política de saúde pública, os custos e a efetividade do enriquecimento dos alimentos com ácido fólico indicam que este seria o caminho mais adequado (Feinleib et al, 2001).…”

Section: Suplementação De áCido Fólico Em Um Programa De Saúde Públicaunclassified

Semana da conscientização sobre a importânciado ácido fólico

Nasser¹,

Nobre²,

Mesquita³

et al. 2005

J. epilepsy clin. neurophysiol.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The conversion of 6-(S)-tetrahydropteroate into 6-(R)-5,10-methylenetetrahydropteroate (6-R-11) could be performed by treatment with formaldehyde following a suggestion of R. Matthews. 2 It should be noted that the experimental strategy required the recombinant expression of the folK, folP, and folA genes in order to prepare 6-hydroxymethyldihydropterin pyrophosphokinase, dihydropteroate synthase, and dihydrofolate reductase as described under "Experimental Procedures. "…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Although plants and many microorganisms obtain folate coenzymes by de novo synthesis, vertebrates are absolutely dependent on nutritional sources (1). Insufficient supply of the vitamin is conducive to anemia in adults and to neural tube malformation in human embryos (2).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Biosynthesis of Tetrahydrofolate

Illarionova¹,

Eisenreich²,

Fischer

et al. 2002

Journal of Biological Chemistry

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

7,8-Dihydroneopterin aldolase catalyzes the formation of the tetrahydrofolate precursor, 6-hydroxymethyl-7,8-dihydropterin, and is a potential target for antimicrobial and anti-parasite chemotherapy. The last step of the enzyme-catalyzed reaction is believed to involve the protonation of an enol type intermediate. In order to study the stereochemical course of that reaction step, [1,2,3,6,7-13 C 5 ]dihydroneopterin was treated with aldolase in deuterated buffer. The resulting, partially deuterated [6␣,6,7-13 C 3 ]6-hydroxymethyl-7,8-dihydropterin was converted to partially deuterated 6-(R)-[6,7,9,11-13 C 4 ]5,10-methylenetetrahydropteroate by a sequence of three enzyme-catalyzed reactions followed by treatment with [13 C]formaldehyde. The product was analyzed by multinuclear NMR spectroscopy. The data show that the carbinol group of enzymatically formed 6-hydroxymethyl-dihydropterin contained 2 H predominantly in the pro-S position.Tetrahydrofolate and its derivatives are essential cofactors of one-carbon metabolism. Although plants and many microorganisms obtain folate coenzymes by de novo synthesis, vertebrates are absolutely dependent on nutritional sources (1). Insufficient supply of the vitamin is conducive to anemia in adults and to neural tube malformation in human embryos (2).The biosynthesis of tetrahydrofolate has been studied in some detail (for review see Ref.3). The first committed step catalyzed by GTP cyclohydrolase I converts GTP into dihydroneopterin triphosphate (1, Fig. 1). The triphosphate motif is removed by a previously unknown process, and the resulting 7,8-dihydro-D-neopterin (2) is converted to 6-hydroxymethyldihydropterin (3) by dihydroneopterin aldolase (FolB) (4). The consecutive action of FolK, FolP, FolC, and FolA enzymes finally affords 6-(S)-tetrahydrofolate via the intermediates 4 -6.The folate biosynthetic pathway is a well established drug target for antimicrobial as well as antiparasite therapy. Sulfonamides, the first synthetic antimicrobial and antiparasitic drugs with a broad action spectrum, act via inhibition of dihydropteroate synthase, the penultimate enzyme of the dihydrofolate biosynthetic pathway (Fig. 1, step E) (5-7), and trimethoprim acts against a variety of bacterial pathogens via inhibition of dihydrofolate reductase (Fig. 1, step G) (8 -10).The rapid development of microbial resistance against all antibiotics in current use has generated an urgent requirement for novel anti-infective agents. Because the folate pathway is already a well established drug target, it appears worthwhile to explore other folate biosynthetic enzymes besides dihydropteroate synthase and dihydrofolate reductase. This paper describes studies on the mechanism of dihydroneopterin aldolase. C 5 ]GTP was prepared as described (11). All other reagents used were of the highest purity available. A Nucleosil C18 HPLC 1 column (4 ϫ 250 mm) was from Schambeck, Bad Honnef, Germany. Superdex 75, Superdex 200, Q-Sepharose Fast Flow, and DEAE-Sepharose Fast Flow were purchased from Amersham Bioscienc...

show abstract

“…3 Insufficient supply of the vitamin is conducive to anaemia in adults and to neural tube malformation in human embryos. 4 The biosynthesis of tetrahydrofolate has been studied in some detail (Figure 1). 5 The first committed step catalysed by GTP cyclohydrolase I is a mechanistically complex ring expansion reaction affording dihydroneopterin triphosphate (1).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%