Foliar phenolic composition of European white birch during bud unfolding and leaf development

Laitinen, Marja-Leena; Julkunen‐Tiitto, Riitta; Rousi, Matti

doi:10.1034/j.1399-3054.2002.1140315.x

Cited by 65 publications

(51 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…Extraction of phenolic constituents was modified from Laitinen et al (2002) as described by Zeneli et al (2006). Briefly, wood and bark tissues were weighed (100 mg) and extracted separately with 2.5 ml of methanol (100%) using an Ultra-Turrax (IKA-WERKE, Staufen, Germany) homogenizer for 30 s, after which the sample was left for 15 min on ice.…”

Section: Chemical Analysesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exogenous application of methyl jasmonate elicits defenses in Norway spruce (Picea abies) and reduces host colonization by the bark beetle Ips typographus

Krokene²,

et al. 2006

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The terpenoid and phenolic constituents of conifers have been implicated in protecting trees from infestation by bark beetles and phytopathogenic fungi, but it has been difficult to prove these defensive roles under natural conditions. We used methyl jasmonate, a well-known inducer of plant defense responses, to manipulate the biochemistry and anatomy of mature Picea abies (Norway spruce) trees and to test their resistance to attack by Ips typographus (the spruce bark beetle). Bark sections of P. abies treated with methyl jasmonate had significantly less I. typographus colonization than bark sections in the controls and exhibited shorter parental galleries and fewer eggs had been deposited. The numbers of beetles that emerged and mean dry weight per beetle were also significantly lower in methyl jasmonate-treated bark. In addition, fewer beetles were attracted to conspecifics tunneling in methyl jasmonate-treated bark. Stem sections of P. abies treated with methyl jasmonate had an increased number of traumatic resin ducts and a higher concentration of terpenes than untreated sections, whereas the concentration of soluble phenolics did not differ between treatments. The increased amount of terpenoid resin present in methyl jasmonate-treated bark could be directly responsible for the observed decrease in I. typographus colonization and reproduction.

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Section: Chemical Analysesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exogenous application of methyl jasmonate elicits defenses in Norway spruce (Picea abies) and reduces host colonization by the bark beetle Ips typographus

Krokene²,

et al. 2006

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“…Also, the large investment into these organs with as yet, relatively little or no return, makes them valuable to the plant (Harper 1989). Therefore, it has been suggested that chemical defenses should be most concentrated in the youngest leaves (Laitinen et al 2002).…”

Section: Ecological and Evolutionary Implicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

How do soil nutrients affect within-plant patterns of herbivory in seedlings of Eucalyptus nitens?

et al. 2006

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This study assessed how the palatability of leaves of different age classes (young, intermediate and older) of Eucalyptus nitens seedlings varied with plant nutrient status, based on captive feeding trials with two mammalian herbivores, Red-bellied Pademelons (Thylogale billardierii), and Common Brushtail Possums (Trichosurus vulpecula). Seedlings were grown under three nutrient treatments (low, medium and high) and we determined how palatability was related to chemical and physical characteristics of the leaves. Pademelons ate more older leaves than young and intermediate leaves for all treatments. This pattern was best explained by sideroxylonals (formylated pholoroglucinol compounds known to deter herbivory by other marsupials), and/or essential oil compounds that were in lower concentrations in older leaves. In the low nutrient treatment, possums also ate more of the older leaves. However, in the medium and high nutrient treatments, possums ate more intermediate leaves than older leaves and showed a behavioural preference for young leaves (consuming younger leaves first) over intermediate and older leaves, in spite of high levels of sideroxylonals and essential oils. The young leaves did, however, have the highest nitrogen concentration of the leaf age classes. Thus, either sideroxylonals and essential oils provided little or no deterrent to possums, or the deterrent was outweighed by other factors such as high nitrogen. This study indicates that mammalian herbivores show different levels of relative use and damage to leaf age classes at varying levels of plant nutrient status and, therefore, their impact on plant fitness may vary with environment.

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“…Glandular trichomes of silver birch accumulate triterpenoids and flavonoid aglycones (e.g. 43 Valkama et al 2003), which are excreted on the surface of expanding leaves (Laitinen et al 2002, 44 Valkama et al 2004). Both types of compounds contribute to the hydrophobicity of cuticular waxes 45 (Keinänen & Julkunen-tiitto 1998), decreasing cuticular permeability to water (Barnes et al 1996).…”

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confidence: 99%

Production of glandular trichomes responds to water stress and temperature in silver birch (Betula pendula) leaves

et al. 2017

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Silver birch (Betula pendula Roth) allocates substantial resources to the production of glandular trichomes. If these trichomes can protect trees from temperature and water stress, their production would be expected to increase under these conditions. We studied how glandular trichome density and number in the leaves of two-year-old silver birch plantlets respond to single and combined treatments of elevated temperature (+1 °C) and three different levels of soil moisture (low, normal, and excess watering). Moreover, we quantified the seasonal variation in trichome density in mature long-shoot leaves of young, greenhouse-grown silver birches. Our results demonstrate clear differences between responses of glandular trichomes on different leaf surfaces. On the adaxial leaf surface, both drought and elevated temperature reduced the production of glandular trichomes. Interestingly, this response was absent in plants subjected to the combined treatment. Glandular trichome production on the abaxial leaf surface increased considerably in leaves produced during the growing season, reflecting a seasonal trend. Maintaining a strong seasonal increase in trichome production of abaxial surfaces even in low-water conditions suggests an important, though still unknown, role for abaxial glandular trichomes. In silver birch stems, those trichomes are strongly responsible for herbivore defense.

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Foliar phenolic composition of European white birch during bud unfolding and leaf development

Cited by 65 publications

References 27 publications

Exogenous application of methyl jasmonate elicits defenses in Norway spruce (Picea abies) and reduces host colonization by the bark beetle Ips typographus

Exogenous application of methyl jasmonate elicits defenses in Norway spruce (Picea abies) and reduces host colonization by the bark beetle Ips typographus

How do soil nutrients affect within-plant patterns of herbivory in seedlings of Eucalyptus nitens?

Production of glandular trichomes responds to water stress and temperature in silver birch (Betula pendula) leaves

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