Foliar Raffinose and Sucrose in Four Conifer Species: Relationship to Seasonal Temperature

Hinesley, L. Eric; Pharr, D. M.; Snelling, Layne K.; Funderburk, S.R.

doi:10.21273/jashs.117.5.852

Cited by 85 publications

(37 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…This relationship is most often seen because sugar content changes in tandem with LT acclimation and deacclimation (e.g., Hinesley et al 1992), but has also been shown in a sample of 59 Picea rubens trees sampled on a single date in midwinter (Schaberg et al 1999). Our results show that this general relationship also occurs in the sample of 23 species for which we have both LT tolerance and sugar data.…”

Section: Sugars and Lt Tolerancesupporting

confidence: 77%

“…The samples of needle and stem pieces were freeze-dried, and the stem pieces were removed, leaving a sample of needle pieces only. Cuticular waxes were Trees (2007) 21:557-567 559 removed using hexane, and then soluble sugars were extracted using 80% ethanol (Hinesley et al 1992). The supernatant was filtered using a Waters C18 Sep-Pac Plus Cartridge (Waters Corporation, Milford, MA, USA) to remove chlorophyll.…”

Section: Sugarsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Cold in the common garden: comparative low-temperature tolerance of boreal and temperate conifer foliage

Strimbeck

Kjellsen

Schaberg

et al. 2007

Trees

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Because they maintain green foliage throughout the winter season, evergreen conifers may face special physiological challenges in a warming world. We assessed the midwinter low-temperature (LT) tolerance of foliage from eight temperate and boreal species in each of the genera Abies, Picea, and Pinus growing in an arboretum in Trondheim, Norway, using relative electrolyte leakage (REL) as an index of cell injury. Relatively LT sensitive species came from temperate coastal and Mediterranean environments and displayed a well-defined sigmoidal response to LT stress, with LT 50 ranging from -27 to -38°C. Species originating from boreal regions were not lethally stressed by slow freezing to temperatures as low as -80°C, while species from temperate mountains and continental interiors displayed intermediate responses, with LT50s ranging from -33 to -44°C. Further evaluation of one sensitive and one insensitive species in each genus showed that boreal species can survive quenching in liquid nitrogen at -196°C provided they are first slowly cooled to -30°C or lower. Quantitative image analysis of color changes resulting from LT stress followed by exposure to light showed that foliage from nonlethally stressed boreal species developed mild to moderate chlorosis while more sensitive species developed a mixture of chlorosis and necrosis, with significant necrosis occurring mainly at temperatures resulting in REL of 50% or more. Sensitive and insensitive trees differed significantly in total raffinose, sucrose, and total sugar concentrations, and raffinose and sucrose correlated significantly with LT 50 within the sensitive group.

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Section: Sugars and Lt Tolerancesupporting

confidence: 77%

Section: Sugarsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cold in the common garden: comparative low-temperature tolerance of boreal and temperate conifer foliage

Strimbeck

Kjellsen

Schaberg

et al. 2007

Trees

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“…Furthermore, more stachyose, raffinose, and sucrose are found accumulated than galactose, fructose, and glucose. It is known that stachyose and raffinose are two main members of raffinose family oligosaccharide (RFO), and RFO are stored in high concentrations and are not subject to rapid depletion under low temperature in order to increase cold tolerance of plant (Bachman et al 1994;Hinesley et al 1992;InanHaab and Keller 2002;TapernouxLüthi et al 2004). Our results also show a large amounts of stachyose and raffinose present in the leaves of cucumber seedlings under low temperature.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of exogenous abscisic acid (ABA) on cucumber seedling leaf carbohydrate metabolism under low temperature

Meng¹,

Hu²,

Wang

et al. 2008

Plant Growth Regul

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Seedlings with four true leaves of cucumbers (Cucumis sativus L.), Guonong No.25 (a coldtolerant cultivar) and Guonong No.41 (a cold sensitive cultivar), were grown under normal or low temperature conditions: 25°C/18°C or 15°C/8°C (day/night). The seedlings of Guonong No.25 under low temperature were also treated with or without exogenous ABA. The purpose of our study was to find out the effects of low temperature and exogenous ABA application on the carbohydrate metabolism in the cucumber plants. Time course changes of carbohydrate contents and activities of stachyose synthase and alkaline a-galactosidase in the seedling leaves were investigated after the treatment. Our results show that compared to the seedlings under temperatures of 25°C/18°C, the seedlings of the both tested genotypes under 15°C/8°C (day/night) have significantly higher contents of all measured soluble carbohydrates. Significant difference in stachyose synthase activity is observed between the two genotypes under normal temperature or low temperature. Under normal temperature, leaf stachyose synthase activity in Guonong No.41 is higher than that in Guonong No.25. The stachyose synthase activity of Guonong No.41 decreases sharply under low temperature, but that of Guonong No.25 increases 3 days after treatment and then decreases to the original level. In contrast, there is no significant genotypic difference in alkaline a-galactosidase activity. Additionally, compared to the control seedlings treated with 0 lM ABA, the seedlings treated with 50 and 150 lM ABA accumulate substantial amounts of all tested soluble carbohydrates except galactose whereas 250 lM ABA treated seedlings show decreased levels of all these soluble carbohydrates. Stachyose synthase activity increases significantly upon 50 and 150 lM ABA treatments.

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“…Soluble sugars such as sucrose, glucose, and fructose were extracted and measured by the method of Hinesley et al (1992). Freeze-dried cucumber leaf samples were pulverized into powder and solubilized with 80 % ethanol three times.…”

Section: Analysis Of Sugarsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Enterobacter sp. SE992-induced regulation of amino acids, sugars, and hormones in cucumber plants improves salt tolerance

et al. 2015

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The rhizosphere of plants serves as a host for a number of microbiota. The mutualistic interaction between rhizosphere bacteria and plants supports the promotion of plant growth. These interactions also support responses against biotic and abiotic stresses through the modulation of plant metabolism. In the current study, we sought to investigate the effects of individual sugar, amino acid, and salicylic acid content upon cucumber plant salt tolerance with respect to Enterobacter sp. SE992 interactions. Enterobacter sp. SE992 was isolated from soil and identified through 16s rDNA sequences. Mechanisms of plant growth promotion were confirmed via tryptophan-dependent indole-3-acetic acid synthesis in bacterial culture medium. Salt tolerance of Enterobacter sp. SE992 was confirmed on bacterial media supplemented with 3 % NaCl. Greenhouse experiments revealed that soil salinity inhibited cucumber plant growth. However, inoculation of Enterobacter sp. SE992 into saline soil mitigated the adverse effects of salt stress, enhancing the length and biomass of shoots and roots. The concentrations of chlorophyll, sucrose, glucose, and fructose were decreased in salt-affected plants. Interaction with Enterobacter sp. SE992 resulted in the enhanced production of chlorophyll and sugars in stressed plants. Salinity correlated with a significant decrease in threonine, glutamine, cysteine, valine, methionine, isoleucine, tyrosine, phenylalanine, histidine, and arginine levels but stimulated the accumulation of glycine, alanine, leucine, and lysine. Treatment with Enterobacter sp. SE992 ameliorated these stress effects and increased the levels of all amino acids. Marked accumulation of salicylic acid was observed in salt-infected plants, while inoculation with Enterobacter sp. SE992 suppressed salicylic acid synthesis. Our findings suggest that inoculation of Enterobacter sp. SE992 in soil can promote plant growth and increase stress tolerance by positively influencing plant metabolism under conditions of high salinity.

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Foliar Raffinose and Sucrose in Four Conifer Species: Relationship to Seasonal Temperature

Cited by 85 publications

References 11 publications

Cold in the common garden: comparative low-temperature tolerance of boreal and temperate conifer foliage

Cold in the common garden: comparative low-temperature tolerance of boreal and temperate conifer foliage

Effects of exogenous abscisic acid (ABA) on cucumber seedling leaf carbohydrate metabolism under low temperature

Enterobacter sp. SE992-induced regulation of amino acids, sugars, and hormones in cucumber plants improves salt tolerance

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