Follicular growth monitoring in the female cat during estrus

The aim of this study was to evaluate two‐dimensional and Doppler ultrasonographic changes of feline ovaries before and during puberty. Nine, 3‐month‐old female cats were followed until puberty (Day 1). Two‐dimensional and Doppler ultrasound evaluations of the ovaries were carried out on Days ‐50, ‐20, ‐7 and 1. Longitudinal and transverse sections of the ovaries were measured and all anechoic spherical structures were considered to be follicles. The number of follicles >1 mm and the maximum diameter of the largest follicle were recorded. Peak systolic velocity and end diastolic velocity of intraovarian arteries were also measured to automatically calculate the resistive index (RI). The mean ovarian longitudinal diameter increased gradually throughout the study from 8.6 to 10.7 mm (p < 0.05). While four cats presented multiple anechoic spherical structures <1 mm diameter throughout the study, the remaining five animals had these structures only on Days ‐50 and ‐20. On Days ‐20, ‐7 and 1, the mean number of follicles were 1.4 ± 0.7, 2.5 ± 0.8 and 4.8 ± 1 respectively (p < 0.01). The largest follicles at the same time points were 1.1 ± 0.2 mm, 1.9 ± 0.3 mm and 2.6 ± 0.5 mm respectively (p < 0.05). The RI of the intraovarian arteries declined throughout the study period (p < 0.01). It is concluded that, in female cats, ovarian dimensions, follicle number and intraovarian blood flow increased from 3 months of age to puberty.

Section: Ovarian Ultrasonographymentioning

confidence: 99%

Ultrasonographic evaluation of ovarian morphology and blood flow in prepubertal and pubertal cats

Vercellini

Gobello

D'Francisco

et al. 2018

“…It was noted that during the onset of oestrus, there is an average recruitment of 4.8 ± 0.2 follicles (range, 2–7) of which at least one reaches 3 mm of diameter (Malandin et al. ). In other study, the number of follicles present in ovulatory or non‐ovulatory oestrus was 5.0 ± 0.5 and 5.5 ± 1.0 follicles, respectively (Wildt et al.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Seasonal Reproductive Activity of Domestic Queens (Felis catus) in the Tropics of Mexico

Ortega‐Pacheco

Concha-Guillermo

Segura-Correa

et al. 2012

ContentsThe objective of this study was to determine the seasonal ovarian activity of domestic queens under the tropical conditions of southern Mexico (19°30′ and 21°35′ N latitude). A total of 250 reproductive tracts were evaluated, and the frequencies of queens with ovarian activity (oestrus, dioestrus or pregnant), anoestrus, pregnancies and ovulation rate by season of the year (spring, summer, autumn and winter) were calculated. Ovarian activity was observed throughout the year, but a significant reduction occurred during the winter; conversely, anoestrous cases were lower during spring and showed an increase during summer, autumn and winter. Pregnancies were most common during spring and decreased during summer, autumn and winter. Ovulation rate varied from 2.5 to 2.8 during the four seasons. Cystic endometrial hyperplasia, pyometra and ovarian follicular cysts were the most common lesions found. The results demonstrate that domestic queens are not seasonal in tropical conditions, but a clear effect of the season of the year reducing ovarian activity is present. IntroductionThe domestic queen (felis catus) is considered a seasonally polyoestrous species with induced ovulation, unless the cycle is interrupted by pregnancy, pseudopregnancy or disease. Extended daylights (>12 h/day) after a period of short days induces oestrus (Hurni 1981). Plasma concentration of melatonin plays the pivotal role, modifying the hypothalamus-hypophysealgonadal axis (Leyva et al. 1984). A short photoperiod is associated with high melatonin concentration produced by the pineal gland that reduces the ovarian activity (Little 2001). In the northern hemisphere, the peak season of oestrus is February to June, which shifts to July to August in temperate climates (Feldman and Nelson 1996). An anoestrous season occurs at the end of autumn because of short daylights, and ovarian cycles being re-established at the end of winter or beginning of spring. Very scarce information exists about the reproductive seasonality of the female domestic cat in the tropics. This study will generate information on the reproductive characteristics of queens and will provide information needed to develop reliable estimates of sexual activity under tropical conditions.The objective of this study was to characterize the reproductive activity, during 1 year, of female domestic cats in southern Mexico. Materials and Methods Study areaThe study was carried out in Merida, capital city of Yucatan, Mexico (19°30′ and 21°35′N latitude, 87°30′ and 90°24′W longitude), at 6 m above sea level. The climate in the region is warm sub-humid with rain during the summer. A difference of 2.5 h daylength is observed between summer and winter in the region. The seasons of the year were spring (22 March-21 June), summer (22 June -21 September), autumn (22 September-21 December) and winter (22 December-21 March). The average day length for each season of the year was 12.1, 13.1, 12.2 and 11.6 h for spring, summer, autumn and winter, respectively. AnimalsA total of 250 reproductive...

“…Then, delivery is quite easily predictable comparing to bitches, but mating date and the time of last heat are often unknown. In queens, the duration of heat varies considerably and ranges from 2 to 19 days, with an average of 7.4 days (Malandaina et al, ). Ovulation takes place approximately 24–32 hr after mating (Malandaina et al, ; Root Kustritz, ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In queens, the duration of heat varies considerably and ranges from 2 to 19 days, with an average of 7.4 days (Malandaina et al, ). Ovulation takes place approximately 24–32 hr after mating (Malandaina et al, ; Root Kustritz, ). In the majority of cases, multiple matings during a short time span are more required to trigger the LH surge essential for ovulation (Munday & Davidson, ), which sometimes may be spontaneous.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Ultrasonography is a suitable tool for diagnosing feline pregnancy. This method supports more accurate diagnosis of pregnancy than palpation and radiography because it enables follow‐up control after ovulation (Malandaina et al, ). The ultrasonography is a better method than palpation and radiography because allows to do an early diagnosis of pregnancy and record embryo or foetus viability, as early as 10 days after mating (Davidson & Baker, ; Zambelli et al, ; Zambelli & Prati, ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Development of specific fetometric formulas of ICC and BP for predicting the parturition date in Maine Coon queens

Socha

Janowski

2019

Contents The objective of study was to derive specific growth curves of ICC and BP for Maine Coon. Twenty‐three pregnant queens aged 1–6 years, with body weight of 4.5–7.6 kg, were included in the study. In each queen, serial ultrasonographic examinations of pregnancy were performed through the abdomen with the MyLab Gold Vet scanner with a 6.6–7.5 MHz microconvex probe (Turin, Italy). ICC or BP was measured, depending on the stage of pregnancy. Each examination was regarded as a separate observation. In 18 queens, ICC was measured 33 times, and in 21 queens, BP was measured 60 times. The linear regressions of specific models of ICC and BP in Maine Coon pregnancies and specific formulas for predicting the parturition date in this breed were derived. The ICC formula was: days before parturition (DBP) = −0.79 * mm + 57.9, and the BP formula was: DBP = −1.86 * mm + 49.3. The proposed fetometric formulas of ICC and BP for Maine Coons after application in clinical patients can improve obstetric management in this breed.