Follicular squamous cell carcinoma of the skin: a poorly recognized neoplasm arising from the wall of hair follicles

Díaz‐Cascajo, Carlos; Borghi, Susanna; Weyers, Wolfgang; Bastida-iñarrea, Jesús

doi:10.1046/j.0303-6987.2004.0134.x

Cited by 54 publications

(78 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…32 More recent research has suggested that various mucosa-related HPV types are associated with the pathogenesis of actinic keratosis and Bowen disease, as well as SCC. 33,34 Our observation of MIB 1 expression in the epithelium lining the hair follicles in AK and BD and the possibility of the involvement of HPV subtypes in the etiology of these lesions warrants further study, specifically in the epithelium of the hair follicles.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 92%

Assessment of Cell Proliferation in Benign, Premalignant and Malignant Skin Lesions

Bordbar¹,

Dias²,

Cabral³

et al. 2007

Applied Immunohistochemistry &Amp; Molecular Morphology

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A deeper understanding of the variance of epidermal cell proliferation may eventually increase the reproducibility of diagnostic classification. A prospective study of 46 consecutive, unselected biopsies from benign (keratoacanthoma n=14), premalignant (actinic keratosis n=15 and Bowen disease n=10) and malignant (squamous cell carcinoma n=7) skin lesions was studied to assess the presence and extent of differences in expression of the proliferation marker Ki-67 using a monoclonal antibody directed against a c-DNA defined subsegment (MIB-1) and a noncross-linking, proprietary fixative BoonFix. MIB-1 was expressed in the adjacent, non-affected skin in a scattered to confluent linear pattern in the basal/suprabasal cell layer. In actinic keratosis, MIB-1 expression, in addition to basal/suprabasal layers, extended to mid-zones of the epidermis. An interesting feature in actinic keratosis as well as in Bowen disease was the expression of MIB-1 in the epithelium lining the hair follicles. In Bowen disease, MIB-1 was observed throughout the full thickness of the epidermis, unequivocally separating this entity from others under study. In invasive squamous cell carcinoma, MIB-1 expression was not consistent between and within cases. MIB-1 positivity was variably found in all layers of the epidermis, but showed a chaotic and haphazard pattern with total loss of polarity. Keratoacanthoma cases showed highly variable MIB-1 expression, ranging from no expression to expression in both basal/suprabasal and mid-zone layers of the epidermis. These results warrant further study of modulation of cell proliferation in actinic keratosis.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 92%

Assessment of Cell Proliferation in Benign, Premalignant and Malignant Skin Lesions

Bordbar¹,

Dias²,

Cabral³

et al. 2007

Applied Immunohistochemistry &Amp; Molecular Morphology

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“…Another rare subset of SCC has been described as follicular, infundibular, or infundibulocystic SCC. [32][33][34][35] Some of the histologic features overlap with the cases in our series, such as the absence of associated AK or the welldifferentiated morphology with a somewhat glassy cytoplasm. However, we did not identify a clear infundibular or otherwise follicular origin of the tumors in any of our cases.…”

mentioning

confidence: 71%

Cutaneous Squamous Cell Carcinomas of the Lower Extremities Show Distinct Clinical and Pathologic Features

2015

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Cutaneous squamous cell carcinomas mainly affect older, predominantly male patients. Most are due to chronic ultraviolet exposure, and associated with actinic keratoses. On the lower extremities, they occur more commonly in women. However, data on these tumors as a distinct group are scarce. We evaluated 61 squamous cell carcinomas of the lower extremities. Overall, 69% of patients were female. Mean age was 75 years. More than 90% of tumors were well differentiated, 3% showed perineural invasion, and none lymphovascular invasion. In all, 63.9% showed evidence of severe chronic sun damage. Associated actinic keratoses were identified in only 13% of cases. By contrast, 80% were associated with distinctive basal epidermal proliferations with a retiform growth pattern. These proliferations were evaluated immunohistochemically for keratinocyte stem cell markers, p53 and Notch1 in 15 cases. All cases were positive for cytokeratin 14, p53, and Notch1 (with variable intensity in the latter 2), and predominantly negative for cytokeratin 19. Interestingly, basal retiform proliferations were positive for cytokeratin 15 in 66% of cases. Fifteen head and neck squamous cell carcinomas were evaluated in comparison. Those lacked associated basal retiform proliferations except in 1 case. In contrast, 87% were associated with actinic keratoses and 100% with severe chronic sun damage. Actinic keratoses associated with head and neck tumors showed cytokeratin 15 staining only in 7% of cases (P = .003 compared with cytokeratin 15 in basal retiform proliferations associated with leg carcinomas). These findings support the hypothesis that lower extremity squamous cell carcinomas are distinct and may exhibit a pathogenesis less reliant on actinic damage.

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“…In 2004, Diaz-Cascajo et al2 proposed the term 'follicular SCC' to describe a distinct subset of SCC arising from the upper part of hair follicles, i.e., the infundibulum. They studied 16 cases of SCC; histologically, they exhibited atypical squamous epithelial cells arising from the upper part of hair follicles with almost no involvement of the overlying epidermis bordering the involved follicles2,4.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…They studied 16 cases of SCC; histologically, they exhibited atypical squamous epithelial cells arising from the upper part of hair follicles with almost no involvement of the overlying epidermis bordering the involved follicles2,4. However, these cases did not exhibit follicular differentiation.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Infundibulocystic Squamous Cell Carcinoma

Kim

et al. 2015

Ann Dermatol

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Infundibulocystic squamous cell carcinoma was first reported in 2008 as a subset of squamous cell carcinoma arising from the infundibulum of the hair follicle and exhibiting infundibular differentiation. It has well-differentiated, less-differentiated, and infiltrative forms. It was thoroughly analyzed in a series of cases in 2011 by Misago et al. and has been redefined to include only the infiltrative form owing to its unique clinical and histological characteristics. Here, we report an interesting case of infundibulocystic squamous cell carcinoma in a 72-year-old man presenting with a mass on the left helix of the ear.

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Follicular squamous cell carcinoma of the skin: a poorly recognized neoplasm arising from the wall of hair follicles

Abstract: SCC of the hair follicle represents a poorly recognized but distinctive subset of SCC of the skin that should be considered in the differential diagnosis of other cutaneous epithelial tumors. The term follicular SCC (FSCC) is proposed for this neoplasm.

Cited by 54 publications

References 36 publications

Assessment of Cell Proliferation in Benign, Premalignant and Malignant Skin Lesions

Assessment of Cell Proliferation in Benign, Premalignant and Malignant Skin Lesions

Cutaneous Squamous Cell Carcinomas of the Lower Extremities Show Distinct Clinical and Pathologic Features

Infundibulocystic Squamous Cell Carcinoma

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