Folliculosebaceous neoplasms: A review of clinical and histological features

Abstract

Numerous benign and occasionally malignant tumors arise from the folliculosebaceous apparatus. Confusing terminology, rarity of malignant variants and overlapping histological features can lead to diagnostic uncertainty. This review highlights the clinical and histopathological features that help to classify these entities, as well as the various syndromes associated with certain members of this large family of tumors.

Areclinicianssuccessful in diagnosingcutaneousadnexaltumors? aretrospective, clinicopathologicalstudy

“…Thus it may not be possible to diagnose these syndromes before the patient actually presents with CAT. Familial cases, such as Birt-Hogg-Dubé syndrome, Cowden syndrome, Bazex-Dupre-Christol syndrome, Muir-Torre Syndrome, multiple familial trichoepithelioma, can be given as examples to such lesions (Table 2) [19,21,24,[26][27][28][29][30][31][32][33][34][35][36][37]. Although very [8,10].…”

“…Syndromes associated with cutaneous adnexal tumors[19,21,24,[26][27][28][29][30][31][32][33][34][35][36][37]. (AD: Autosomal dominant; AR: Autosomal recessive; XR: X-linked recessive) CAT also have malignant forms.…”

Homeobox transcriptional factor engrailed homeobox 1 is expressed specifically in normal and neoplastic sweat gland cells

“…Apocrine glands, sebaceous glands and hair follicles are developed from the common primary epithelial germs in the embryonic skin as uppermost, middle and lowest buds, respectively . Conversely, eccrine glands are developed independently from the rete ridges of epidermis .…”

“…Apocrine glands, sebaceous glands and hair follicles are developed from the common primary epithelial germs in the embryonic skin as uppermost, middle and lowest buds, respectively. 32,33 Conversely, eccrine glands are developed independently from the rete ridges of epidermis. 34 It has been hypothesised that the common embryonic origin of folliculosebaceous-apocrine units is reflected in the oncogenesis as the occurrence of appendageal neoplasms with complex follicular, sebaceous and apocrine differentiation.…”

A case of Giant Perifollicular Fibroma - a Diagnostic Challenge

“…Fibrofolliculoma is known to show epithelial component in the form of thin anastomosing strands surrounded by a prominent mesenchymalstroma. Trichodiscoma, on the other hand, has a less prominent epithelial component with a marked myxofibrovascularstroma (5). Few authors believe PFF to be a variant of angiofibroma; however, angiofibromas are known to lack concentric perifollicular fibrosis and instead show stellate fibroblasts with increased blood vessels (6).…”